GHS-Chapter 9
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| Professionals who study and make predictions about human populations are called | demographers
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| Amount of time it took the population of the Earth to double from 2 million to 4 billion | 44 years
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| Factors that contributed most to the exponential growth of the human population | more food, better hygiene
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| The distribution of ages in a population at a specific time | a population pyramid
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| The result of educating women to learn family-planning technique | lowered birthrates
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| Human population growth was most rapid during which period of human history | Modern Age
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| A cholera outbreak can be caused this | lack of clean water
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| Because birth rates have begun to fall this will occur to the Earth’s population | stabilize somewhere around 9 billion by 2050.
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| region experiencing the biggest increase in population | Asia
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| Factors which make it difficult to reduce population growth | low literacy and limited healthcare
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| a strategy that could increase population growth | limiting education for women
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| adequate sewage treatment facilities for growing populations results in this | decrease in waterborne diseases
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| When birth rates and death rates are both high this occurs to the population | the population grows slowly, if at all
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| The Industrial revolutions effect on the population | increased the human population from 1880-1930
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| combination of high birth rates and low death rates | increased the human population from 1880-1930
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| improvements in societal infrastructure and services | increased the human population from 1880-1930
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| the third stage of demographic transition characteristic | social conditions that favor smaller families
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| reason that wood is considered a limited resource in many developing countries | People cut down trees faster than they can grow.
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| the rend of the death rate during Stage 2 of a population’s demographic transition | decreases
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| Age structure of Countries with high growth rates | more younger people than older people.
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| A disease that is often spread through unsafe public water sources | dysentery
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| Characteristics that predict population sizes | age structure, survivorship, fertility rate, and migration
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| increased immigration | movement of people into an area that can cause a population to increase
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| the characteristics of the model of demographic transition | life expectancy, education of women, industrialization
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| Less-developed countries suffer more from rapid population growth because they are less likely to have this piece in place that helps to support the population | infrastructure
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| The point when world population growth will eventually stop | countries have replacement-level fertility rates
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| can result from increased birth rate, increased life expectancy or immigration | increase in population
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| the average number of children each parent must have in order to replace themselves in the population | replacement level
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| the birth rate drops and the size of the population begins to decrease during this transitional stage |
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| fourth stage of demographic transition |
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| two revolutions that brought about changes that caused exponential growth of the world human population | industrial and scientific
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| A shortage of this can decrease the food supply available to a growing population | arable land
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| The study of human population patterns is called | demography
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| What countries are to be given priority for foreign aid | least-developed
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| One way to stabilize the world population is to reduce these by improving women’s status and educational opportunities | fertility rates
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| Most demographers predict a medium population growth rate and a world population reaching this in 2050 | 9 billion
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| This helps demographers predict which age groups will experience the most growth | population pyramid
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| Type I and Type III survivorship curves indicate populations that are growing in this manner | slowly or not at all
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| An adequate supply of fuelwood helps to prevent this by allowing water to be boiled to sterilized | disease
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| China has implemented a campaign to reduce birth rates that includes this reward for single-child families | economic rewards
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| The theory of demographic transition is based on the idea that industrial development causes this type of progress that affects population growth rates | economic and social
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| Local water supplies may be contaminated when they are also used for this type of disposal | sewage
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| Continental population that is expected to shrink by the year 2050 | Europe
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| Some less-developed countries have tried to move forward in demographic transition by directly reducing these through advertising and economic incentives | birth rates
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| The world population will stop growing when fertility rates decline to this | replacement levels
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| During the last 200 years, the human population has undergone this type of growth | exponential
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| The percentage of members of a group that are likely to survive to any given age | survivorship
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| A population with high fertility will have an age structure with a higher percentage of this age group | young people
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| Countries experiencing the greatest population growth are most likely to be those going through this | industrial revolution
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| Wealthy, developed countries such as Japan and Germany are in the fourth stage of demographic transition, when the population size begins to decline. This state is also known as this | post-industrial
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| pre-industrial condition-birth rate and death rate are both at high levels and the population is stable | stage one of demographic transition
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| population explosion occurs. Death rates decline as hygiene, nutrition and education improve. Birthrates are still high and population growth is still fast | second stage of demographic transition
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| population growth slows because the birth rate decreases-even though the population is much larger it has stabilized | third stage of demographic transition
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| The birth rate drops below replacement levels and the population begins to decrease. | fourth state of demographic transition
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| type of survivorship curve where people live to be very old | Type I
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| type of survivorship where populations have a similar death rate at all ages | Type II
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| type of survivorship where populations is a pattern in very poor human populations in which many children die | Type III
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