Diseases Final
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| Inflammatory infections of the hair follicles of the eyelid are called | styes.
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| A chronic, progressive neuromuscular disease that is characterized by extreme muscular weakness (generally appearing first in the face) and progressive fatigue is | myasthenia gravis.
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| Conjunctivitis can be caused by | infection, irritation, allergies or chemicals.
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| The only treatment that cures otosclerosis is a surgical procedure called stapedectomy. | true
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| Reye syndrome has been linked with the use of aspirin to treat chicken pox and influenza | true
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| Pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon) is the drug of choice for treatment of | myasthenia gravis.
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| Placement of sharp objects into the ear canal, an explosion, a severe middle ear infection, or a blow to the ear could result in | a ruptured tympanic membrane.
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| Adrenal insufficiency, with progressive destruction of the adrenal gland, is called | Addison disease.
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| The master gland of the endocrine system is the | pituitary gland.
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| Damage to the pituitary gland, which causes hypopituitarism, can result from | radiation; surgical removal; ischemia
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| The presence of a painless lump or nodule on the thyroid gland should raise the suggestion of | cancer of the thyroid gland.
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| The disease that involves impairment of intestinal motility, which causes obstruction of the distal colon, is called | Hirschprung disease
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| The person experiencing insulin shock requires simple sugar. | true
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| Duchenne muscular dystrophy | is progressive and causes crippling and immobility
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| Hyperparathyroidism or overproduction of parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes | increased breakdown of bone; hypercalcemia; cardiac arrhytmias and renal caliculi
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| Keratitis is frequently caused by an infection of herpes simplex virus. | true
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| Cryptorchidism is | the failure of the testicle(s) to descend into the scrotum
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| Rapid heartbeat and palpitations, increased metabolism, weight loss, nervousness, excitability, profuse perspiration, excessive thirst, muscular weakness, exophthalmos, and the presence of a goiter are symptoms and signs of | Graves disease; primary hyperthryoidism; overproduction of thyroid hormone
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| A deficiency in the release of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone [ADH]) by the posterior pituitary gland causes | diabetes insipidus.
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| Dysfunction of the endocrine system results in decreased or increased secretion of hormones. | true
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| There are no cures for connective tissue diseases, and treatment is only palliative. | true
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| The middle ear is normally air filled. | true
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| The inflammatory disease of the CNS that attacks the myelin sheath is | multiple sclerosis.
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| In hydrocephalus a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the skull causing increased intracranial pressure. | true
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| With proper therapy the prognosis for children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is | generally good
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| Necrotizing enterocolitis is an acute inflammatory process resulting from ischemic recrosis of the lining of the bronchial tubes | false
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| Vision impairment as a result of old age and the loss of elasticity in the lens is called | presbyopia
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| A defect in the _____ results in difficulty in visual detection of color and fine detail. | cones
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| Injections of vitamin B12, which must be continued for life, are the primary treatment for pernicious anemia. | true
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| Leukemia is characterized by an abnormal decrease in the number of immature white blood cells. | false
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| A collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity, resulting in a collapsed lung, describes a condition called | pneumothorax.
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| A double fracture of three or more adjacent ribs resulting in instability in the chest wall describes a patient with | flail chest
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| A fairly common chronic inflammatory disease of the alimentary canal involving all layers of the bowel, which causes chronic diarrhea, is | Crohn disease.
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| A progressive degeneration and weakening of the skeletal muscles is known as | muscular dystrophy.
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| A vasospastic disease of the fingers, hands, or feet resulting in pain, numbness, and sometimes discoloration is | Raynaud disease.
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| A vitamin D deficiency can cause this abnormal metabolic bone disease | osteomalacia.
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| Abdominal discomfort with maximum tenderness of the abdomen at McBurney's point, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, or constipation, are clinical signs of | appendicitis
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| An area of contained infectious material in the lung is known as | pulmonary abscess.
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| An infection in a bone, which can lead to an abscess formation and sequestrum if not properly cafred for, is called | osteomyelitis.
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| Causes of alopecia (baldness) include | biliary colic, with radiating pain, and jaundice.
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| Chronic, progressive, inflammatory disease of bones and joints caused by degenerative changes in the cartilage is called | osteoarthritis.
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| Contact dermatitis can be induced by | irritation, sensitization, or photoallergy.
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| Hiatal hernia can be caused by | a weakness that develops in the diaphragm.
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| Inflammation of the gallbladder commonly associated with gallstones is called | cholecystitis.
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| Joint and bone pain, fever, weight loss, fatigue, weakness, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and enlarged lymph glands are typical symptoms of | leukemia.
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| Mechanical obstruction of the bowel can result from | neoplasm, fecal impaction, volvulus, or intussusception.
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| Of primary importance in the diagnosis of hemoptysis is | determination of the source of the bleeding.
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| One of the most common skin disorders marked by an inflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands is | seborrheic dermatitis.
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| Painless enlargement of the lymph nodes, severe itching, fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue and malaise are symptoms of | Hodgkin disease.
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| Pseudomembranous enterocolitis is related to | use of broad spectrum antibiotics.
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| Stasis of blood flow from immobility, injury to a vessel, or predisposition to clot formation increase the risk of | pulmonary embolism.
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| The Epstein-Barr virus is the cause of | infectious mononucleosis.
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| The most common premalignant tumors are | actinic keratosis and nevi.
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| The name of the injury involving the semilunar cartilages in the knee is | torn meniscus.
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| The primary treatment of gastric cancer may include | gastric resection usually followed by chemoradiotherapy.
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| _____ is a fungal disease originating in the lungs, with the greatest occurrence in the Midwestern United States. | Histoplasmosis
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| _____ is a hereditary group of conditions of the connective tissue that causes an abnormal growth of the extremities. Cardiovascular complications are common. | Marfan syndrome
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| _____ is an eruption of extremely painful vesicles that occur in a bandlike unilateral pattern along the course of a peripheral nerve. | Herpes zoster
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| Cardiomyopathy is a noninflammatory disease of the cardiac muscle. | true
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| The somatoform disorder previously called hysteria is | conversion disorder.
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| The disease that encompasses a group of symptoms referred to as the protein-losing kidney is | nephrotic syndrome.
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| Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of PID helps prevent complications including | pelvic adhesions; increased risk of ectopic pregnancy; peritonitis and septicemia
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| The leading cause of deaths attributed to the female reproductive system is | ovarian cancer.
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| Invasive cervical cancer | is often considered a preventable disease.
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| Rust rings on the cornea may be the result of foreign bodies in the eye. | True
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| Treatment of snakebite includes | keeping the victim quiet and transporting to an emergency facility.
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| Carpal tunnel syndrome involves entrapment of the median nerve. | True
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| The soft tissue injury that occurs when a body part becomes entangled or entrapped resulting in skin, tissue, and bone being pulled from the body is a(an | avulsion.
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| The condition of the kidney caused by pressure from urine that cannot flow past an obstruction in the urinary tract is called | none of the above
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| Polycystic kidney disease | greatly enlarges the kidneys and leads to kidney failure.
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| Glomerulosclerosis describes renal changes, which are due to a systemic endocrine disease and are typical of | diabetic neuropathy.
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| Hyperemesis gravidarum is usually self-limiting and transient. | false
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| An acute rapidly progressive disease of the spinal nerves with progressive muscle weakness and paralysis in a 24- to 72-hour period may be indicative of | Guillain-Barre syndrome.
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| An inherited disorder in which the individual displays abrupt, bizarre, involuntary, dancelike movements and a decline in mental functions | Huntington's chorea.
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| The symptoms and signs of toxemia in pregnancy, preeclampsia, and eclampsia includ | hypertension, edema, protein in the urine, and convulsions.
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| The first sign of testicular cancer is | a painless lump discovered in the testicle.
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| Which of the following statements is true about renal cell carcinoma? | Risk factors may include smoking, obesity, and prolonged exposure to chemicals such as asbestosis and cadmium.
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| Dialysis filters out unwanted elements from the blood, usually removed by healthy kidneys; thus | the body's proper fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance is maintained.
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| The most commonly diagnosed STD in the United States is | human papillomavirus virus (HPV).
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| Lithotripsy is a procedure used to examine the urinary tract. | false
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| Pyelonephritis is the most common type of kidney disease. | true
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