Stack #93439
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| Drug | any substance other than food that alters the structure or functioning of a living organism when it enters the bloodstream
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| Drug Abuse | occurs when acceptable social standers of drug use are violated, resulting in adverse psychological, and or social consequences
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| Drug Addiction | refers to a condition in which drug use is compulsive. Users are unable to stop because of their dependency
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| Symbolic interactionism | emphasizes the importance of definitions and labeling, concentrates on the social meanings associated with drug use
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| Harm reduction | position which focuses on minimizing the costs of drug use for both user and society
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| Deregulation | reduction of government control of certain drugs
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| Legalization | of drugs affirm the right of adults to make an informed choice
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| Decriminalization | removing of penalties for certain drugs, would promote a medical rather than criminal approach to drug use that would encourage drug users to seek help
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| Restorative justice | repairing the victim-offender-community relation in direct response to the concerns of the criminal justice system that encourages offenders to deny, justify, or avoid taking responsibility for their actions
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| Probation | entails the conditional release of an offender who for a specific time period and subject to certain conditions remains under court supervision in the community
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| Deterrence | the use of harm or the threat of harm to prevent unwanted behaviors
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| Situational crime prevention | crime could be prevented by minimizing the opportunity for its occurrence
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| Status offense | a violation such as truancy, underage drinking, or running away from home
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| Delinquent offense | - would be considered a crime if committed by an adult
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| Corporate crime | corporations violate the law in the interest of maximizing profit
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| Corporate violence | production of unsafe products and the failure of corporation to provide a safe working environment for their employees result of negligence
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| Fastest growing | computer crime
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| White collar crime | individuals commit crimes in the course of their employment
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| Organized Crime | criminal activity conducted by members of hierarchically arranged structure devoted primarily to making money through illegal means
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| Vice crimes | are victimless crimes include illegal drugs, prostitution, pornography, illegal gambling
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| Property crime | someone’s property is damaged, destroyed or stolen
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| Classic rape | rapist is a stranger who used a weapon and the attack results in bodily harm
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| Acquaintance rapes | - rapes committed by someone the victim knows
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| Differential association | through interaction with others, individuals learns the values and attitudes associated with crime as well as the techniques and motivations for criminal behavior
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| Secondary deviance | results from being caught and labeled
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| Primary deviance | committed before a person is caught and labeled a offender
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| Labeling Theory | How do crime and deviance come to be defined as such and what are the effects of being labeled criminal or deviant?
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| Conflict Perspective | deviance is inevitable whenever two groups have differing degrees of power, the more inequality in a society the greater the crime rate.
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| Control Theory | a strong social bond between individuals and the social order constrains some individuals from violating social norms
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| Sub cultural theories | certain groups or subcultures in society have values and attitudes that are conducive to crime and violence
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| Ritualism | : individual accepts a lifestyle of hard work but rejects the cultural goal of monetary rewards
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| Rebellion | : substitutes new goals or means that differ from societies
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| Retreatist | withdraws or retreats from society through alcohol, drugs, or vagrancy
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| Structural-Functionalist Perspective | crime is functional for society. Crime strengthens group cohesion can lead to social change
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| Strain Theory | argues that when legitimate means of acquiring culturally defined goals are limited by the structure of society, the resulting strain, may lead to crime
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| Self- Report Offender Surveys | ask offenders about their criminal behavior but may be subject to exaggerations and concealment
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| Victimization Surveys | ask people whether they have been victims of crime-provide less reliable data on offenders
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| Transnational crime | “organized criminal activity across one or more national borders”. Is induced by recent trends in globalization i.e. enhanced transportation and communication technologies
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| Clearance rates | measure the percentage of cases in which an arrest and official charge have been made and the case has been turned over to the courts
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| theft | most common crime commited
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Created by:
Winona11
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