earth history vocab2
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| 1. lithosphere | layer of earth made up of crust and the rigid part of the upper mantle
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| 2. asthenosphere | layer in earth’s upper mantle that is soft because it is close to
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| 3. tectonic plate | one of large moving pieces of Earth’s lithosphere (oceanic/continental)
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| 4. continental drift | hypothesis that Earth’s continents move on Earth’s surface
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| 5. Pangaea | hypothetical super continent that included all the land masses of Earth, broke apart 200 million years ago
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| 6. theory of plate tectonics | theory stating that Earth’s lithosphere is broken into huge plates that move and change in size over time.
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| 7. rift valley | deep valley formed as tectonic plates move apart, such as along a mid- ocean ridge
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| 8. magnetic reversal | switch in the direction of the Earth’s magnetic field so that magnetic north and south switch
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| 9. hot spot | area where a column of hot material rises from deep within the mantle and heats the lithosphere, causing volcanic activity
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| 10. subduction | when oceanic plate sinks under another plate in Earth’s mantle
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| 11. inner core | is a ball solid metals that surrounds the inner core
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| 12. outer core | is a layer of liquid metals that surrounds the inner core
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| 14. mantle | is Earth's thickest layer
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| 15. crust | is a thin layer of cool rock
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| 16. Mid-ocean ridge | huge underwater mountains ranges
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| 17. convection | is energy transfer by the movement of a material
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| 18. transform boundary | occurs where plates scrape past each other
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| 19. convection current | a motion that transfers heat energy in a material
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| 20. divergent boundary | occurs where plates move apart
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| 21. convergent boundary | occurs where plates push together
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| 22. continental-continental collision | occurs where two plates carrying continental crust push together
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| 23. Oceanic- oceanic subduction | occurs where one plate with oceanic crust sinks
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| 24. Oceanic-continental su |
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