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history flashcards for chapter 5 test

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Question
Answer
Etruscans   a civilization that lived mostly north of Rome.  
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republic   a government where the people chose some of the officals.  
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patricians   members of the land holding upper class  
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consuls   two people from the patrician class, job was to supervise the business of government and command the armies.  
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dictator   ruler who had complete control over a governement.  
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plebeians   social class made up of farmers,merchants, and artisans. who made up most of the population.  
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tribunes   10 people who presided over plebian assembly and advocated for them.  
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veto   to cancel, or block laws.  
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legion   basic military unit, included 5,000 men.  
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imperialism   establishing control over foreign lands and peoples.  
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latifundia   wealthy families bought up huge farming estates.  
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Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus   two young plebeian brothers, were first to reform.  
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Julius Caesar   an ambitious military commander, who became emperor of Rome.  
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Octavian   became ruler after many civil wars after Julius Caesar died  
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Augustus   mean Exalted One, given this name after becoming ruler.  
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census   population count  
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Hadrian   emperor of Rome and codified the Roman law, and making it the same for all provinces.  
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Virgil   Poet who wrote Aeneid, and tried to show Rome's past through his poems.  
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Satirize   to make fun of . poets used this in their poems to make them comical.  
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mosaic   picture made from chips of colored stone or glass.  
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engineering   Roman excelled in this, it is an application of science and math.  
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aqueducts   bridgelike stone structures that carry water from the hills into Roman cities.  
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Ptolemy   this man proposed a theory that the Earth was the center of the universe.  
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messiah   anointed king sent by God.  
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apostles   a term meaning "a person sent forth"  
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Paul   a Jew, who played the most influential role in spreading Christianity.  
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Constantine   emperor of Rome, who issued the Edict of Milan and was the first Christian emperor.  
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martyrs   people who suffer or are killed because of there beliefs.  
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clergy   a group of people who conduct Christian services.  
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bishop   a high Church official responsible for everyone in his diocese  
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patriarch   a person which authority over other bishops in their area  
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popes   people who claimed to have more authority over all other bishops of Rome.  
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heresies   beliefs contrary to official Church teachings  
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Augustine   Bishop of Hippo in North Africa, one of the greatest scholars of the early Church.  
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Diocletian   Emperor of Rome who set out to restore order.  
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Inflation   rapid rise of prices  
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Constantinople   Capital of Byzantium. which was renamed by Constantine.  
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Huns   nomadic people who migrated from central Asia towards eastern Europe.  
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Mercenaries   foreign soldiers serving for pay, to defend borders.  
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Pax Romana   Also means Roman Peace. A time in Rome's history where there was peace.  
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Punic Wars   Three wars that were between Roman and Carthage.  
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