DSST World Religions
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| Anatman | The Buddhist notion that there is no eternal soul, unlike in Hinduism. Instead, each living person is an association of five skandas, which fly apart at death. The term literally means "no soul."
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| Arhat | Worthy One who has followed the Buddha’s Eightfold Path to liberation, broken the fetters that bind us to the suffering of the Wheel of Birth and Death, and arrived at nirvana; the Theravadan ideal.
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| Awakening | A Zen term for enlightenment.
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| Bodhisattva | In Mahayana Buddhism, one who has attained enlightenment but renounces nirvana for the sake of helping all beings in their journey to liberation from suffering.
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| Dalai Lama | The bodhisattva who is the reincarnation of Avalokiteshvara, the bodhisattva of Compassion. He has been reincarnated 14 times
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| Dharma/ Dhamma | The teachings of the Buddha.
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| Dukkha | According to the Buddha, a central fact of human life, all life is suffering
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| Eightfold Path | the eight steps by which a person can achieve Nirvana. 1) Right Understanding or Views. 2) Right Thoughts or Intent. 3) Right Speech. 4) Right Actions or Conduct. 5) Right livelihood. 6) Right effort. 7) Right mindfulness. 8) Right concentration.
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| Enlightenment | This is the English translation of the Sanskrit word "bodhi," which literally means "awakening." It is achieved by following the Eight-fold path, and constitutes freedom from all desires.
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| Five Precepts | Minimum set of moral rules for lay people and monks. They forbid (1) theft, (2) improper sexual practices (adultery for lay people, sexual activity of any kind for monks), (3) killing, (4) lying and deceiving, and (5) drinking alcoholic drinks.
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| Four Noble Truths | The most basic statement of Buddhist belief: (1) All is suffering (dukkha). (2) Suffering is caused by desire. (3) If one can eliminate desire, they can eliminate suffering. (4) Following the Noble Eight-fold Path can eliminate desire.
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| Karma | In Hinduism and Buddhism, our actions and their effects on this life and lives to come. In Jainism, particles that accumulate on the soul as a result of one’s thoughts and actions.
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| Lama | A Tibetan Buddhist monk, particularly one of the highest in the hierarchy.
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| Mantra | A sound that is used as a focus for mediation or worship. Similar to Hinduism.
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| Nirvana | In Buddhism, the ultimate egoless state of bliss.
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| Samsara | The continual round of birth, death, and rebirth in Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism.
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| Siddhartha | The Buddha's given name, or first name. His surname was Gautama.
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| Ten Precepts | The code of monastic discipline for monks. It consists of Five Precepts (no stealing, sexual activity, killing, lying, or alcohol) which apply to all Buddhists, and five further restrictions designed specifically for members of the sangha
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| Tripitaka | The foundational "Three Baskets" of Buddha"s teachings.
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| Three Jewels | The Three Vows of Buddhism: Buddha, dharma, sangha. Also Triple Gem
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| Ahimsa | Non-violence to all living things.
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| Sangha | In Theravada Buddhism, the monastic community; in Mahayana, the spiritual community of followers of the dharma.
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