His. terms; Test 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| was Russia wanting to extend its influence over the Ottoman Empire. | Crimean War (1853-1856)
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| "reorganization" period of the Ottoman Empire | Tanzimat
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| group of reformist officers; decided to ally the empire with the Central Powers. | Young Turks
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| prime minister of Piedmont | Cavour
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| NW Italy; went to war with Austria | Piedmont
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| Romantic Republican who campaigned for Italian unification; accepted Piedmont troops | Garibaldi
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| when Victor Emmanuel II was declared king of Italy | 1861
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| under Bismark's leadership and with the strong support of its royal house, Prussia used diplomatic/military means to unify Germany. | German Confederation
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| made himself king of Prussia | William I
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| Prussian pragmatist prime minister; put more trust in power and action than in ideas. | Bismark
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| ? | Danish War
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| led to the decisive defeat of Austria; it established Prussia as the only major power among the German states. | Austro-Prussian War: Seven Weeks' War
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| Prussia coaxed France into declaring war; France lost | Franco-Prussian War, (1870-1871)
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| municipal government of France; intended to administer Paris separately from the rest of France. | Paris Commune
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| National Assembly backed into a republican form of government against its will; | Third Republic
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| greatest trauma of the 3rd Republic; found a Frenchman guilty of passing secret info to the Germans; it wasn't true but by then Dreyfus had been exiled. | Dreyfus Affair
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| wrote a newpaper article contending the whole Dreyfus Affair | Zola
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| the newpaper article written by Zola | J'accuse
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| emperor of Hapsburg | Francis Joseph
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| created a federation among the states and provinces of the Hapsburg Empire. | October Diploma
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| also called the Compromise of 1867; transformed the Hapsburg Empire into a dual monarchy known as Austria-Hungary. | Ausgleich, 1867
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| Russian tzar; made reforms a big deal | Alexander II
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| Alexander II abolished slavery in Russia | abolition of serfdom in Russia, 1861
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| Russian tzar; not very good for Russia; mainly wanted to turn back his father's reforms | Alexander III
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| amendments accepted by the House of Commons; one being expansion of who could vote; it was a step toward democracy for Britain | Second Reform Act, 1867
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| led the British House of Commons | Disraeli
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| new prime minister of Great Britain | Gladstone
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| established voting by secret ballot in Great Britain | Ballot Act of 1872
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| government of a country or locality by its own citizens. | Irish Question: home rule
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| leader of the Irish movement for a just land settlement and for home rule. | Parnell
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| curbed the power of the Lords in Great Britain | House of Lords Act of 1911
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| French; his belief was positivism (all knowledge is common to physical sciences). | Comte
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| wrote "On the Origin of Species" in 1859*; natural selection | Darwin
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| Darwin's theory that only the fittest species would survive | Natural selection
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| British; most famous advocate of evolution; Social Darwinism | Spencer
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| said best(fittest)society would survive | social Darwinism
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| agreed with Darwinism, but NOT social Darwinism | Huxley
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| attacked Christianity; wrote "The Life of Jesus":Bible doesn't show historical evidence of Jesus | Strauss
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| attacked Christianity by saying that the Earth is much older than Biblical records contend. | Lyell
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| "cultural struggle"; church-state conflict started by Bismark in Germany; in response to perceived threat by Roman Catholic Church | Kulturkampf
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| called together the Frist Vatican Council in 1869**;believed in papal infallibility (pope is always right in faith and morals) | Pius IX
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| Rerum Novarum: defended private prop.,religious edu., and marriage laws. Was big on protection for workers | Leo XIII
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| discovered X-rays | Roentgen
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| explained the course of radiation | Rutherford
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| discovered the radium; awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Marie Curie
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| quantum theory of energy | Planck
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| papers on relativity: time and space are a combined continuum. | Einstein
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| presenting life as it is. | Realism
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| examine what makes life as it is; portray w/o sentimentality. | Naturalism
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| reshape life as you want it; criticize morality and middle class. | Modernism
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| focus on social life and activities of middle and lower classes. | Impressionism
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| Monet, Renoir | Impressionism artists
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| focus on form and structure to focus on artistic traditions. | Post-impressionism
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| Cezanne, van Gogh | Post-impressionism artists
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| reduces things to geometric shapes | Cubism
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| Picasso | Cubism artist
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| German philosopher; wanted to probe sources in human life. | Nietzche
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| Austrian Jewish psychoanalysis founder; id, superego,and ego. | Freud
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| drives for sexual gratification or pleasure. | id
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| moral imperatives that culture/society impose on personality. | superego
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| mediates b/t impulsive id and self-denying superego. | ego
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| belief that some people are more superior than others. | Racism
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| French diplomat; thought the white Aryan race had intermarried with inferior races. | Gobineau
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| Englishman; viewed Jews as a major enemy of Europeans. | Chamberlain
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| Herzl's belief that Jews should have their own homeland. | Zionism
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