medterms ch 13
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| albumino | protein
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| cysto, vesico | bladder or sac
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| gluco, glucoso, glyco | glucose/sugar
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| keto, ketono | ktone bodies
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| meato | meatus, opening
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| pyelo | renal pelvis
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| uretero | ureter
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| uro, urino | urine
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| medulla | inner part of the kidney
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| calicies, calyces | ducts that carry urine from nephron to renal pelvis
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| glomerulus | small ball shaped cluster of capillaries
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| renal pelvis | basin like portion of ureter
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| urinary bladder | sac that holds urine
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| urethral meatus | opening of urethera
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| creatinine | waste product of muscle metabolism
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| albuminuria, proteinuria | protein in urine
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| bacteriuria | bacteria in urine
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| nocturnal enuresis | bed wetting
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| glucosuria, glycosuria | glucose in urine
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| incontinence | involuntary discharge of urine or feces
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| ketonuria | presence of ketone bodies in urine
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| nocturia | urination at night
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| polyuria | excessive urination
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| glomerulonephritis | nephritis involving glomerulus
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| adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD) | inherited condition of multiple cysts that gradually form in kidney - leads to HTN/renal failure
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| nephritis | inflamm of kidney
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| nephrosis | degenerative disease of renal tubules
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| cystitis | inflammation of bladder
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| urethrocystitis | inflamm of urethra and bladder
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| urinary tract infection | infection of urethra/bladder/ect.
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| kidney biopsy, renal biopsy | removal of kidney tissue for exam
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| IV pyelogram, IV urogram | xray image of urinary tract obtained after iodine contrast medium is injected
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| renal angiogram/arteriogram | xray image of renal artery obtained after injecting contrast
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| abdominal sonogram | abdominal ultrasound image of urinary tract, including kindey and bladder
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| urinalysis (UA) | physical, chemical and microscopic examination of urine
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| urobilinogen | chemical test to detect bile pignment in urine
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| creatinine clearance testings | 24 hour urine specimen to determine clearance rates
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| urologic endoscopic surgery | endoscope surgery
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| nephrotomy | incision into the kidney
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| nephrorrhaphy | suture of injured kidney
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| mephrectomy | excision of kidney
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| stent placement | use of a stent to hold tubes/vessels open
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| continent urostomy | internal reservoir contructed from segment of intestine that diverts urine through an opening in abdominal wall. Valve is created internally to prevent leakage
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| orthotopic bladder, neobladder | bladder constructed from portions of intestine connected to the urethra, allowing "natural" voiding
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| kidney dialysis | filters impurities from the blood - replacing some kidney function
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| straight catheter | collect sterile specimen of urine for testing, removed immediately after use.
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| foley catheter | indewlling catheter insrted to collect urine into a bag
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| bacterio | bacteria
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| dipso | thirst
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| glomerulo | glomerulus, small ball
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| litho | stone
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| nephro, reno | kidney
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| pyo | pus
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| urethro | urethra
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| cortex | outer part of kidney
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| hilum | indented opening in kidney where vessels enter and leave
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| nephron | microscopic functional units in the kidney
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| ureter | tube that carries urine from kidney to bladder
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| ureteropelvic junction | point of connection b/w renal pelvis and ureter
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| urethera | carries urine out of body
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| urea | waste product formed in liver filtered by kidneys and excreted
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| urine | fluid produced by kidneys
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| anuria | absence of urine formation
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| dyuria | painful urination
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| enuresis | involuntary discharge of urine, lack of bladder control
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| hematuria | blood in urine
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| stress urinary incontinence SUI | involuntary discharge of urine w/ coughing, sneezing etc.
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| ketone bodies/compound | metabolism products in urine via bodies unusual use of carbs (diabetes/starvation)
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| oliguria | scanty production of urine
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| pyuria | white cells in urine
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| urinary retention | retention from inability to void.
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| hydronephrosis | pooling of urine in dilated areas of renal pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys caused by obstructed outflow of urine.
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| pyelonephritis | inflamm of renal pelvis
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| nephrolithiasis | presence of renal stone or stones
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| urethritis | inflamm of urethra
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| urethral stenosis | narrowed urethra
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| uremia, azotemia | excess urea and other nitrogenous waste in blood caused by kidney failure
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| cytoscopy | examination of bladder using rigid or flexible cytoscope
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| kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB) | abdominal xray of kidney ureter bladder; used as scout film for obtaining IV pyelogram
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| scout film | plain-film x-ray image to detect obvious pathology prior to further imaging (KUB before IVP)
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| voiding cystourethrogram (VCU, VCUG) | xray image of bladder, urethra obtained during urination
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| specific gravity | measure of [ ] or dilution of urine
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| nitrite | chemical test to determine presence of bactera in urine
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| BUN | high BUN = inability of one or both kidneys to excrete urea
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| resectoscope | urologic endoscope inserted through urethra to resect lesions of bladder, urethra or prostate
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| intracorporeal lithotripsy | method of destroying stones within urinary tract using discharges of electrical energy
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| nephrolithotomy | incision into kideny for removal of stones
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| pyeloplasty | surgical reconstruction of renal pelvis
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| urinary diversion | creation of temporary or permanent diversion of urinary tract to provide new passage for urine
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| noncontinent ileal conduit | removal of portion of ileum to use as a conduit to which ureters are attached at one end, the other is brought trhough an opening created in abdomen. Urine rains continually into bag
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| extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) | procedure using ultrasound outside the body to bombard and disintegrate stone within
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| hemodialysis | method of removing impurities by pumping patients blood through dialyzer
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| peritoneal dialysis | method of removing impurities using peritoneum as filter; catheter inserted in peritoneal cavity delivers cleasning fluid
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| suprapubic catheter | indewlling catheter inserted directly into bladder through abdominal incison
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