Human Body in Health and Disease
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aden/ | gland
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adip/o | fat
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caud/o | lower part of the body, tail
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cephal/o | head
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col/o | colon, large intestine
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coron/o | coronary, crown
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cyt/o | cell
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hepat/o | liver
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hist/o | tissue
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hyster/o | uterus
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lapar/o | abdomen, abdominal wall.
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nephr/o | kidney
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oste/o | bone
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path/o | disease, suffering, feeling, emotion.
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retr/o | rectum, straight.
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the abdomen constitutes the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis
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abdominal | part of the abdomen
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abdominopelvic | the division between the abdominal and the pelvic cavity
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adenectomy | surgical removal of a gland
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adenitis | Inflammation of a gland
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adenoma | A benigh tumor in which the cells form recognizable glandular structures
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adenomalacia | Abnormal softening of a gland
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adenosclerosis | Abnormal hardening of a gland
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adenosis | Any disease condition of a gland
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adipose | Fat
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anaplasia | Change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other
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anatomy | A branch of Biology that studies human structure
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anomaly | A deviation from what is regarded as normal
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anterior | means situated in the front It also means on the forward part of an organ
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aplasia | Lack of development of an organ or tissue
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ascites | is an abnormal accumulation of clear or milky serous (watery) fluid in the peritoneal cavity
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caudal | means toward the lower part of the body
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cephalic | means toward the head
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chromosomes | a thread like structure of nucleic acid and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes
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communicable | Any disease transmitted from one person to another by either direct or indirect contact
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congential | A condition existing at, and usually before, birth; referring to conditions that are present at birth, regardless of their causation
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coronal | A coronal plane through the body is a vertical plane from head to foot and parallel to the shoulders
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cytology | The study of cell biology
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cytoplasm | the material or protoplasm within a living cell , excluding the nucleus
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dexyribonucleic | DNA
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distal | situated farthest from the midline or beginning of the body structure
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dorsal | refers to the back of the body or organ
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dysplasia | abnormal development or growth of cells
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endemic | refers to the ongoing presence of a disease within a population
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endocrine | secreting internally, most commonly into the systemic circulation The secretion of an endocrine
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epidemic | sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a popular group or area
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epidemiologist | a specialist in the study of outbreaks of a disease within a population group
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epigastric | pertaining to the epigastrium, the area above the stomach
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epithelial | pertaining to or involving the outer layer of the skin
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etiology | is the study of the cause of disease
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exocrine | the sweat glands secrete their chemicals substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body
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geneticist | the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics
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hemophilia | a group of hereditary bleeding disorder in which one of the factors needed to clot blood is missing
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histologist | A medical scientist who specializes in the study of the structure of organ tissues, including the composition of cells and their organization into various body tissues
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histology | the study of microscopic structure of tissue
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homeostasis | to control bleeding
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hyperplasia | the enlargement of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the reproductive rate of its cells, often as an initial development of cancer
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hypochondriac | means below the ribs
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hypogastric | the part of the central abdomen that is situated below the region of the stomach
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hypoplasia | underdevelopment or incomplete development of a tissue or organ
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iatrogenic | an unfavorable response to medical treatment for a different disorder
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idiopathic | pertaining to an illness without known cause
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iliac | of or relating to the ilium or the nearby regions of the lower body
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infectious | pertaining to an illness cause by a pathogenic organism
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inguinal | of the groin
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laproscopy | surgery that utilizes a laparoscope with a video camera and surgical instruments through small incision
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lumbar | situated in the back and sides between the lowest ribs and the pelvis
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membrane | is a of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity
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mesentery | a fold of the peritoneum that attaches the stomach, small intestine,spleen, and other organs to the posterior wall of the abdomen
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midsagittal | middle
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nosocomial | (of a disease) originating in a hospital
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nucleus | the central part that contains genetic material
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pandemic | refers to an outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area, possible worldwide
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parietal peritoneum | the part of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal wall
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pathologist | A doctor who identifies diseases by studying cells and tissues under a microscope
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pathology | is the study of structural and functional changes caused by a disease
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pelvic | the pelvis the lower part of the abdomen
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peritoneum | is the membrane that protects and supports the organs located in the abdominal cavity
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peritonitis | is the tissue layer of cells lining the inner wall of the abdomen and pelvis
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phenylketonuria | is a rare condition in which a baby is born without the ability to properly break down an amino acid
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physiology | the biological study of the functions of living organisms and their parts
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posterior | means situated in the back It also means on the back part of an organ
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proximal | means situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure
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retroperitoneal | Situated behind the peritoneum
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sagittal | (the structure) to the suture uniting the two parietal bones of the skull
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thoracic | near the thorax
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transverse | means in a cross wide direction
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umbilical | belly button or navel
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ventral | Ventral is as opposed to dorsal
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visceral | Referring to the viscera, the internal organs of the body, specifically those within the chest or abdomen
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