Esry Ch 13 Flashcard
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| How is endocrine gland different from exocrine? | Enod-secrets into fluid that surrounds tissue cells. Exo- secrets into ducts that then secrets into body cavities, then into luman of organ or skin.
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| What is a target cell? | A cell that is affected by a particular hormone.
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| What is a receptor site? | A specfic binding site for a hormone. It allows the hormone to bind to it and be reconized.
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| Where are receptor sites located? | Lipid soluable: INSIDE target cells. Water soluable: Part of the plasma membrane of target cells.
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| How are secretions controlled? | 1: signals from nervous systems 2: chemoical changes in the bloos 3: Other hormones
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| Give examples of how secretions are controlled? | 1: Nerve impluses regulate the release of epinphrine 2: Blood Ca level regulates secretions of parathyoid gland 3: Hormone from ACTH stimulates release of cortisol by the adrenal cortex
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| What is the cause and symtoms of HYPERINSULINISM? | Cause: Diabetic injects too much insuilin Symptoms: Hypoglycemia, mental disorientation, concussions, shock.
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| What is the cause and symtoms of TYPE 2 DIABETES? | Cause: over weight, over 35, target cells arent as sensitive to insulin. SYmpt: high glucose levels can be controlled by diet and exersize
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| What is the cause and symtoms of TYPE 1 DIABETES? | Cause:genetic and enviornmental factors Sympt: Insulin level is low b/c system destroys pancreatic beta cells
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| What is the cause and symtoms of Addisons disease? | Cause: Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids Sympt: Mental lethargy, anorexia, bronzed skin
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| What is the cause and symtoms of Cushings disease? | Cause:Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, breakdown of muscle protiens Symt: redistrbution of body fat, spindly arms/legs, "moon face", mood swings
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| What is nueropathy? | Disease of nerves that is common with diabetes
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| What is hypophysectomy? | Removal of pituitary gland
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| What is gangrene? | The death of tissue, secondary to low oxygen levels.
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| What is emaciation? | Extremely thin, wasting.
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| What is diaphoresis? | Excessive sweating
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| What is cachexia? | Malnutrition, wasting
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| What is anorexia? | loss of appetite
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| What is acidosis? | Accumulation of acids in the blood that is a sympton of diabetes
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| What is acromegaly? | Enlarged and distorted extremities of the face
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| Prefix lacto | Meaning, milk.
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| Hormone LH | Luteinizing Hormone Stimulates ovulation, prepares mammary glands, stimulates testosterone secretion
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| Insulin | Hormone secreted by beta cells of pancreatic lislet, DECREASES blood glucose level
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| Glucagon | INCREASES bloos glucose levels
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| Cortisol | Breakdowns proteins, form glucose
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| Proesteron | Female sex hormone produced by ovaries, prepares uterus for fertilaztion
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| Nor/Epinephrine | Hormone secreted by adrenal medulla
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| Estrogen | Female sex hormone, regulates menstral cycle, maintains pregnancy, prepares mammary glands
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| Oxytocin | Ehances contraction of smooth muscle in uterus, stimulates milk enjection
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| Hormone IGF | Insulinlike Growth Factors Maintains muscle and bone mass Similar to insulin Stimulate protein syntheis
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| Hormone hGH | Human Growth Hormone Promote synthesis and secretion of small protein hormones
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| Hormone PRL | Prolactin Initiates and Maintains milk production in mammary glands
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| Hormone PIH | Supresses release of PRL
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| Hormone PHR | Stimulates release of PRL
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| Hormone ADH | Antidiuretic Hormone Decreases Urine production Causes kidneys to retain more water, decreases water loss through sweating.
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| Hormone GHRH | Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Promotes secretion of Human Growth Hormone
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| Hormone GHIH | Growth Hormone Inhibiting Hormone Supresses secretion
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| Hormone TSH | Thyroid- Stimulating Hormone Stimulates the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones in thyroid gland
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| What is the difference between Hormones T3 and T4? | t3 has 3 atoms of iodine t4 has 4 atoms of iodine
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