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Elements and Principles of Art

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line (elements)   any continuous mark on a page in a specific direction; the notion of direction and movement in a composition  
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shape (elements)   a two dimensional area defined by the closing of a line; a recognizable boundary between values, textures, or space - either geometric or organic  
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space (element)   area in and around an object, either positive or negative  
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form (element)   a three dimensional shape that encloses space and has volume  
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value (element)   the lightness or darkness of an area; value gradation creates illusion of three dimensions on a flat surface  
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color I.II. (element)   character of surface derived from the response of viewing light reflected from the surface  
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I. tone (element)   arrangement of color scheme; involving hue, value, and intensity relationships  
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II. color wheel (element)   circular arrangement of hues based on color theory  
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texture (element)   expresses the tacticle quality of a surface in two dimensions by using other elements; translates difference in smoothness or roughness into a 2D illusion  
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emphasis (principle)   developing point or areas of visual interest;directing the viewers eye - "importance by contrast"  
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unity/harmony   all parts relate to each other, one-ness, uncomplicated sense of cohesion by combining similar elements  
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variety   contrasting values, shapes, or textures for interest and uniqueness offset of harmony  
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movement   shows action by moving the viewers eye toward or away through the piece; using focal points and direction of line  
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rhythm   movement through repetition of any element, alternating values, and patterns  
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proportion   relationship in size of objects or between parts of one object, stress by enlarging, distorting, or exaggerating elements  
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balance   sense of stability, repeating similar shapes; equal weight among shapes. informal/asymmetrical (shapes relating to shape)  
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