Applied Kinesiology
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| Kinesiology | study of motion or human movement
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| # Bones and Muscles | 600 muscles 206 bones; Vary greatly in size and shape structure
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| Biomechanics | Mechanical Physics to human motion
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| Kinesiology | Anatomical - human musculoskeletal & musculotedinous systems; Structural - Muscle involed in the science of movement; Biomechanics_ Application of mechanical physiscs to human motion
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| Structural Kinesiology | Study of muscles as they are involved i8n the science of movement
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| Reference points | Anatomical: Prone - on Stomach ; Supine - on back
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| Directional Terminolgy | Distal - away from origin ; Proximal - nearest trunk or point of origin; Media- to the middle
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| Body Regions | Axial - Cephalic / Head; Cervical / neck; Trunk Appendicular - Shoulder Girdle - Upper Limbs - Pelvic - lower limbs
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| Cardnal Planes | Sagittal - bisects front to back; Frontal - Bisects laterally, side to side; Transverse - bisects horizontally into superior and inferior halves
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| Skeletal System | approximately 206 bones; Provides support & protection; Bank for minerals; Divided into appendicular and axial skeletal
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| Appendicular | Upper / lower extremities; Shoulder and pelvic girdle Axial - Skull / vertebral column - Ribs / sternum
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| 5 Major Functions of Skeleton | 206 BONES: 1. Protection for heart,lungs,brain ( soft vital tissues ) 2. Support & Posture 3. Movement serving as points of attachments for muscles / act as levers 4. Storage for minerals - ( calcium , phosphorus ) ; 5. HEMOPOIESIS
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| 5 Major Functions of Skeleton | 5. HEMOPOIESIS - process of blood information that occurs in red bone marrow. Energy storage and fat in yellow marrow
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| Skeletal Muscles | Responsible for movement of body and all joints. ALSO provides protection, posture and support, produce major portion of total body heat 80 - 85 %
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| Bony Features | PERIOSTEUM - dense, fibrous membrane on outer most bone part. ENDOSTEUM - Lines inside of cortex. EPIPHYSIS - ends of long bones / spongy. EPIPHYSIAL PLATES - growth plates. ARTICULAR CARTILAGE - hyaline / covers epiphysial to provide cushion
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| Bone Markings | Cavities - Depressions ( openings / grooves ), facets, fossa, fovea sinus
Processes - Elevations / Projections
tuberosity, crest, tubercle, line suture
FORM JOINTS OR SERVE AS ATTACHMENTS
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| Classification of Joints | ARTICULATION - connection of bones at a joint usually to allow movement between surfaces of bones.
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| 3 major Classifications according to Structure and Movement | SYNARthrodial - non- movable SKULL; AMPHIARthrodial - slightly movable PELVIC; DIARthrodial - freely mobile ( synovial ) JOINT CAPSULE
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| Range Of Motion | Area through which a joint moves freely and painlessly
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| Muscle NonMenclature | Muscle are usually named due to: VISUAL APPEARANCE, ANATOMICAL LOCALE, FUNCTION
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| Muscle NonMenclature | Shape - deltoid / rhomboid. LOCATION - rectus femoris, BOTH - serratus anterior. SIZE - gluteus maximus, # OF DIVISIONS - tricep brachaii, FIBER DIRECTION - external oblique. POINTS OF ATTACHMENT - coraco brachialis. ACTION - supinator
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| Muscle NonMenclature | ACTION AND SIZE - adductor magnus. LOCALE AND ATTACHMENT - brachioradialis. LOCALE AND DIVISIONS - biceps femoris.
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| Shape of Muscle and Fiber Arraignment | Cross Section Diameter = Greater Strength, factor in muscles ability to exert force. LENGTH OF MUSCLE - More effective moving joints through large ROM
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| Muscle Fiber Arraignment | Parellel - fibers arranged parellel to muscle ( flat, fusiform, strap, radiate, circular ). PENNATE - have short fibers arranged simular to a feather; catergorized based upon exact arrangement between fibers and tendons ( unipennate 1 side, bipennate 2s
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