Sociology The Real World Stein Chapter 6
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| A collection of people who share a physical location but do not have lasting social relations. | aggregate
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| "Normlessness"; term used to describe the alienation and loss of purpose that result from weaker social bonds and an increased pace of change. | anomie
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| The legitimate, noncoercive exercise of power. | authority
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| A type of secondary group designed to perform tasks efficiently, characterized by specialization, technical competence, hierarchy, written rules, impersonality, and formal written communication. | bureaucracy
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| Authority based in the perception of remarkable personal qualities in a leader. | charismatic authority
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| Power that is backed by the threat of force. | coercive power
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| The mildest type of conformity, undertaken to gain rewards or avoid punishments. | compliance
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| A temporary, public gathering of individuals who share a common focus; members might interact but do not identify with each other and will not remain in contact. | crowd
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| A two-person social group. | dyad
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| Social groups whose interactions are mediated through information technologies, particularly the internet; also called virtual communities. | electronic or virtual communities
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| Leadership concerned with maintaining emotional and relational harmony within the group. | expressive leadership
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| A collection of people who share some attribute, identify with one another, and interact with each other. | group
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| The sense of solidarity or loyalty that individuals feel toward a group to which they belong. | group cohesion
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| The patterns of interaction between groups and individuals. | group dynamics
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| In very cohesive groups, the tendency to enforce a high degree of conformity among members, creating a demand for unanimous agreement. | groupthink
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| A type of conformity stronger than compliance and weaker than internalization, caused by a desire to establish or maintain a relationship with a person or a group. | identification
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| A group that one identifies with and feels loyalty toward. | in-group
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| Power that is supported by persuasion. | influential power
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| Leadership that is task or goal oriented. | instrumental leadership
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| The strongest type of conformity, occurring when an individual adopts the beliefs or actions of a group and makes them her own. | internalization
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| Authority based in laws, rules, and procedures, not in the heredity or personality of any individual leader. | legal-rational authority
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| George Ritzer's term describing the spread of bureaucratic rationalization and the accompanying increases in efficiency and dehumanization. | McDonaldization
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| Any group an individual feels opposition, rivalry, or hostility toward. | out-group
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| The ability to control the actions of others. | power
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| Behaviors approved of by a particular social group. | prescriptions
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| The people who are most important to our sense of self; members' relationships are typically characterized by face-to-face interaction, high levels of cooperation, and intense feelings of belonging. | primary groups
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| Behaviors a particular social group wants its members to avoid. | proscriptions
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| The application of economic logic to human activity; the use of formal rules and regulations in order to maximize efficiency without consideration of subjective or individual concerns. | rationalization
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| A group that provides a standard of comparison against which we evaluate ourselves. | reference group
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| Larger and less intimate than primary groups; members' relationships are usually organized around a specific goal and are often temporary. | secondary groups
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| A theory of group formation and maintenance that stresses the need of individual members to feel a sense of belonging. | social identity theory
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| The influence of one's fellow group members on individual attitudes and behaviors. | social influence
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| The phenomenon in which as more individuals are added to a task, each individual contributes a little less; a source of inefficacy when working in teams. | social loafing
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| The web of direct and indirect ties connecting an individual to other people who may also affect her. | social network
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| Connections between individuals. | social ties
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| Authority based in custom, birthright, or divine right. | traditional authority
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| A three-person social group. | Triad
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| A larger and more impersonal group that is usually organized around a specific goal and is often temporary is called a/an: | Secondary group
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| Power that is backed by the threat of force is called: | Coercive power
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| What is the strongest type of conformity? | internalization
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| Generally, as the size of a social group increases _________ also increase. | Stability and regulations
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| The tendency to enforce a high degree of conformity among members that creates a demand for unanimous agreement is called: | Groupthink
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| What is one of the characteristics of bureaucracies according to Max Weber? | Specialization
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| A monarchy would be an example of: | Traditional authority
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| You and your family, friends, peers, colleagues, teachers, and co-workers constitute a: | Social network
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| According to the text, what are the two major sources of inefficiency in the group process? | organization and social loafing
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| A group that one identifies with and feels loyalty toward is called a/an: | In-group
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| What would be considered an example of a primary group? | Your group of close friends
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| Membership in secondary groups usually does not carry the same potential for emotional satisfaction that primary-group membership does. t/f | True
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| The CEO who only cares about profits, regardless of the employees personal well being or morale, is using: | Instrumental leadership
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| What would probably be considered an out-group by your city police force? | A motorcycle gang
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| The sense of solidarity or loyalty that individuals feel toward a group to which they belong is called: | Group cohesion
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| Which group might be considered a reference group for a first-year sociology major? | Senior sociology major
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| A collection of people who share a physical location but do not have lasting social relations is called a/an: | Aggregate
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| An employee who adheres to a dress code at work even though she wishes she didn't have to is an example of conformity due to: | Compliance
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| The patterns of interaction between groups and individuals is called: | Group dynamics
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| What The replacement of people with automated check-in machines at airports.is an example of what Ritzer calls the McDonaldization of society? | The replacement of people with automated check-in machines at airports.
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| What is Durkheim's term for a state of normlessness? | Anomie
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| Leadership concerned with maintaining emotional and relational harmony within the group is called: | Expressive leadership
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