a trip through geologic time
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| sedimentary rock | type of rock made of hardened sediment
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| how do fossils form | when living things die and are buried by sediments
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| fossils | preserved remains or traces of living things
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| where are fossils found? | in rock
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| list types of fossils | molds, casts, petrified fossils, carbon films, trace fossils
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| what is a mold | a HOLLOW AREA of sediment in the shape of an organism or part of an organism, such as a shell, is buried in sediment
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| what is a cast | a SOLID COPY OF THE SHAPE of an organism. it's the opposite of it's mold.
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| petrified fossils | fossils in which minerals REPLACE all or part of an organism
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| carbon film | an extremely THIN COATING of carbon on rock.
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| trace fossils | provide evidence of the ACTIVITIES of ancient organisms.
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| What are 3 ways in which the remains of an organism can be preserved with little change | amber (~sap), freezing, tar
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| what do fossil records tell us | they provide EVIDENCE about the history of LIFE and PAST ENVIRONMENTS on earth. they also shows that the different groups of organisms have changed over time.
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| geological time scale | record of the life forms and geologic events in Earth's history.
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| how was geological time scale developed? | scientists studied rock layers and index fossils worlds wide, the placed the rock's in order by relative age. Later, radioactive dating helped determine the absolute ages of the divisions in the geologic time scale.
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| eras | units of time.
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| what is the order of the eras, Cenozoic era, Paleozoic era, and Precambrian, Mesozoic era | PPMC P.P.M. See
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| out of the eras, PMC, which era was the longest, shortest? | C (Cenozoic) shortest
P (Paleozoic) longest
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| periods | eras subdivided into units of geologic time.
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| name the periods with the Cenozoic Era | QT (quaternary (4), Tertiary (3rd))
ceno=recent
mammals
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| name the periods within the Mesozoic Era | CJT (Cretaceous, Jurassic, Triassic)
(messo=middle)
age of the reptiles
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| what does Paleo mean | ancient or early
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| what are the different units of the geologic time scale | eras, periods
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| when did the earth form? | roughly 4.6 billion years ago, about the same time as the other planets and the sun.
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| How did the sceintists determine the age of the Earth? | radioactive dating
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| how did the earth form? | First it was dust, rock & ice, that gravity pulled together. As it grew larger, it's gravity increased pulling in more dust, rock & ice. the energy from the collisions turned from kinetic to thermal energy, causing the earth's temperature to rise.
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| what force caused the material that formed Earth to come together? | gravity
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| what physical features formed during Earth's first several hundred million years? | atmosphere, oceans and continents (AOC)during the Prcambrian time.
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| Comet | a ball of dust and ice that orbil the sun, has carbon dioxide.
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| oceans absorbed most of what element from the comets | carbon dioxide
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| continental drift | process of continents moving very slowly over the earth's surface because of forces inside Earth. a few centimeters per year!
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| When or where did life on Earth begin? | noone knows, but single cell organisms (like bacteria) were found in rocks formed 3.5 billion years ago!
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| why did oxygen increase on Earth | the organisms began to make their own food from photosynthesis.
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| what does ozone block out | UltraViolet rays (UV)
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| what do scientists think were the first organisms to evolve on earth? | bacteria
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| collisions of dust, rock and ice caused heat, the planet became very _____? | hot
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| what happened to the hot materials? | they are heavy, so they sank to the center of the earth
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| the heat on the outside of the earth cooled from losing the heat to space, what is the less dense, molten material called that hardened on the earth's outer layer | solid crust and mantle
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| volcanic eruptions release what? | carbon dioxide, water vapor and other gases
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| what do comet collisions cause? | other gases added to atmosphere
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Created by:
ellenhester
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