GO THROUGH
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| HEART I: Where would you find Alpha, beta 1 and beta 2? | HEART I: Alpha in arterioles, Beta1 in Heart and Beta2 on blood vessel
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| Resting membrane potential (-90mV) is close to what mineral equillibrium potential? | Potasium
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| RELATIVE PERMEABILITIES | RELATIVE PERMEABILITIES
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| What gets into the cell for depalorization to occur? | Sodium
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| And what does the sodium increase lead to? | Opening of Calcium channels
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| What happens when you close the calcium channels? | Repolarization
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| HEART II | HEART II
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| How do you increase stroke volume by more forceful contractions? | 1. Increase pre-load (end diastolic volume), and increase sympathetic NS activity
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| What is starling's law of the heart saying? | Increasing end diastolic volume will increase force of contration which will increase stroke volume
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| What is afterload? what does it lead to? | Resistance to ejection, leaves moer in ventricles
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| If you increase sympathetic stimulation what will happen to: 1. Contractility 2. Stroke Volume 3. Heart rate 4. Conduction rate? | Increase in contractility and stroke volume because heart rate and conduction rate increases
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| VASCULAR SYSTEM | VASCULAR SYSTEM
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| What is pulse pressure influenced by? | Compliance and stroke volume
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| What increases pulse pressure? | Decrease in compliance
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| What is arteriol resistance determined by? | Local factors and neural and hormonal input
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| What do local factors deal with? | the whole hyperemia thing
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| What are arterioles innervated by? | Sympathetic nerves
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| When does a diffusion gradient arise? | In cell utilization and production of a substance
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| When is filtration favored? | Hydrostatic pressure difference b/w IF and plasma capillary
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| Absorption favored by? | plasma protein concentration difference
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| What does the arterial end of the capillary responsible for? Venular end? | Artrial: Filtering Venular: Decrease pressure
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| What is the role of the skeletal muscle pump and respiratory pump? | They increase venous pressure locally and increase venous return
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| When you are laying down, what is heppening to venous return? What is the value? | Venous return increases to value of 5
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| When you stand up, what happens to venous return? | Venous return decreases to 0
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| REGULATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE | REGULATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE
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| What happens if you increase MAP? | You decrease arterial blood pressure
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| What is the relationshiop between blood pressure and volume? Indirect or direct? | Direct
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| In a hemorage, what do you want to do? | Increase HR and TPR
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| What does an increase in HR ad TPR do? | Increases C.O., stroke volume
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| What does an increase in vascular pressure in the veins and capillaries when you're in the upright position lead to? | Decrease venous return
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| What is CO influenced by? | Heart rate and stroke volume
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| What does an increase in sympathetic activity lead to? Other than Inc. heart rate | vasoconstriction.
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| What happens to flow when you increase pressure? | Decrease flow
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| What causes hypertension? | ncreased TPR and increased vasoconstriction
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| What causes heart failure? | Decreased contractility
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| What is the relationship between contractility and CO? | Direct
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| So what does the lack of blood cause the kidneys to do? Retain or get rid of fluid? | Fluid retention by kidneys
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| RESP I | RESP ONE
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| What is the equation for the bulk flow of air? | F = (Palv - Patm) / R airway
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| What is Residual capacity? | Volume of air in lungs at the end of unforced expiration
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| What is transpulmonary pressure? | (Palv - Pip)
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| What does it do? | Keeps the lungs open
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| What influences lung compliance? (3 things) | Transpulmonary pressure, surface tension and elastic tissue
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| What is the relationship between compliance and surface tesnion? | Indirect
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| What influences the radii of the airway? 5 things | Transpulm pressure, mucos, Ach, Histamine, epinephrine
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| Which vasoconstrict? | Mucos, histamine, Ache
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| Which vasodialate? | Epinephrine, transpulmonary pressure
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| RESP II | RESP TWO: GAS EXCHANGE
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| If the ratio of oxygen consumption to avleolar ventilation is high, what is the value of alveolar PO2? | Low
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| What decreases hemoglobin affinity? | Increase CO2, [H+], temperature
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| Each liter of blood has how much CO2? In what form? | 550mL in bicarbonate form
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| What is the stimulus for the need to decrease CO2? | Hydrogen ion concentration
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| In STRENOUS excercise, what is the O2 amount, [H+}, and CO2 doing? | O2: Same, [H+}: Increase CO2: Decreases
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| RESP III | CONTROL OF RESP
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| What is the hering breur reflex? | Tells us to expire
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| What can inhibit ventilation/ | Increase O2, decrease [H+] and CO2
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| What is histo hypoxia? | Can't take up blood
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| What happens to partial pressure of Oxygen with increase in altitude? | It decreases
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| How is O2 supply maintained with acclimitzation | P. Chemoreceptors, more RBC, and DPG Increase
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| What do P. chemoreceptors do? | Make kidney lose sodium and water
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| STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF KIDNEY | STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF KIDNEY
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| What is the amount of glucose excreted per day? | NONE
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| KIDNEY II | KIDNEY II
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| How does sodium reabsorption work? | Osmotic force
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| What controls glomeluar filtration rate? | Baroreceptors
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| What does a decrease in baroreceptor response lead to WRT GFR and Na resorption? | Decrease in GFR and increase in sodium resorption
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| What is a stimulus for aldostrone release? | Decreased Na or decrease in water
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| Three stimuli for renin secretion: | Baroreceptors, decrease pressure
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| What do osmoreceptors do? | Control ADH; if too dilute, secrete urin
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| What stimulates thrist? | Angiotensin II, baroreceptor, osmoreceptors
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Created by:
talkglitter2486