Social Studies Vocab
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| Absolute Location | the specific address or latitude and longitude of a place
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| Cardinal Directions | north, south, east, west
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| Cartographer | a mapmaker
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| Compass Rose | a symbol that shows direction on a map
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| Coordinates | the letter and number that identify a grid square; the latitude and longitude of a place
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| Degrees | the units of latitude and longitude lines
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| Distortion | the changes in a sphere that are shown on a flat surface, such as a map
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| Equator | the imaginary line around the middle of the Earth that divides Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres
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| Geography | the study of Earth and the ways people use Earth
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| Globe | a model of Earth shaped like a sphere or ball
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| Grid | a pattern of lines that cross each other to form squares
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| Hemisphere | half of a sphere; half of Earth; the four hemispheres are Eastern, Western, Northern, and Southern
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| Inset Map | a small map within a larger map
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| Interchange | a junction on a major highway with special connecting ramps to allow vehicles to change roads without interrupting the flow of traffic
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| Intermediate Directions | northeast, southeast, southwest, northwest
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| International Date Line | an imaginary line at about 180 degrees longitude where the day changes
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| Kilometers | a unit of length used in measuring distance in the metric system
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| Latitude | the distance north or south of the Equator measured in degrees
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| Legend | a map key, or list of symbols on a map, and what they stand for
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| Longitude | the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian measured in degrees
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| Map Index | the alphabetical list of places on a map with their grid coordinates
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| Map Scale | the guide that shows what distances on a map equal in the real world
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| Mercator Projections | a projection that shows the compass directions between places accurately. Distance and size are distorted, especially near poles.
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| Meridians | lines of longitude
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| Mileage Markers | small triangles and numbers on a map used to indicate distances along highways
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| Miles | a unit of length used in measuring distances
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| North Pole | the point farthest north on Earth
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| Parallels | lines of latitude
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| Prime Meridian | the line of longitude from the North Pole to the South Pole marked at 0 degrees
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| Projection | a way of showing Earth's curved surfaces on a flat map
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| Regions | the basic unit of geography; areas that have one or more features in common
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| Relative Location | describing a location by what it is near or what is around it
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| Robinson Projection | the flat projection that most closely resembles a globe. It shows less distortion than other projections do.
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| South Pole | the point farthest south on Earth
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| Standard Time Zones | Earth is divided into 24 time zones. Each time zone has a clock time one hour earlier than the zone to its east
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| Primary Sources | first hand information, comes directly from the past
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| Primary Sources | Recorded by an eyewitness, helps us experience the past
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| Secondary Sources | second hand information, not recorded by an eyewitness
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| Before Christ | B.C.
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| Anno Domini | A.D.
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| Before Common Era | B.C.E.
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| Common Era | C.E.
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| Century | 100 years
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| Decade | 10 years
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| Millennium | 1,000 years
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| Immediate Effect | Happens right away
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| Long Term Effect | Happens over time
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