Environmental Science Chapters 5-7
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| puts events in sequence but doesn't give their actual age [5] | relative time
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| measured time; identifies the actual date an event occurred and establishes its absolute age [5] | absolute time
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| one method of determining the relative ages of the strata, or layers, in sedimentary rocks is by their position [5] | superposition
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| process used to match the rock strata in different locations to determine if they formed at the same time [5] | correlation
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| uses the rate of decay of naturally occurring, radioactive isotopes of elements to determine the absolute age of rocks and fossils [5] | radioactive dating
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| the period of time it takes for half the atoms in a radioactive sample to break down into simpler, stable atoms [5] | half-life
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| remains of organisms that existed for a brief period of geologic time and had a wide geographic distribution [5] | index fossils
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| largest divisions of geologic time [5] | eras
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| blocks of geologic time characterized by the appearance, disappearance, or dominance of various life-forms in the fossil record [5] | periods
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| earliest division of geologic time [5] | precambrian era
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| era that lasted for almost 350 million years [5] | paleozoic era
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| era divided into 3 periods: triassic, jurassic, and creraceous; lasted for 160 million years [5] | mesozoic era
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| the most recent era, the one we live in; began 65 million years ago [5] | cenozoic era
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| type of blue-green bacteria that make their own food [6] | cyanobacteria
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| everything in an organism's surroundings that is or was alive, such as plants and animals [6] | biotic environment
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| composed of everything in an organism's surroundings that is not alive, including soil, sunlight, precipitation, atmospheric gases, sources of water, dissolved mineral salts, and geologic formations [6] | abiotic environment
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| building blocks of life, and they are involved in all the activities carried out by an organism [6] | cell
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| the cell's control center [6] | nucleus
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| line the endoplasmic reticulum; sites of protein synthesis within the cell [6] | ribosomes
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| the sites of energy production [6] | mitochondria
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| one-celled organisms, such as paramecia, amebas, or euglenas [6] | unicellular
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| many-celled organisms, such as rotifers or daphnias [6] | multicellular
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| green plants that use photosynthesis to produce their own food from inorganic compounds [6] | producers
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| those organisms that cannot make their own food [6] | consumers
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| organisms that use green plants as food [6] | primary consumers
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| another name for primary consumers [6] | herbivores
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| organisms that feed on primary consumers [6] | secondary consumers
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| another name for secondary consumers [6] | carnivores
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| living things use oxygen from the atmosphere to release energy from from food and in the process from carbon dioxide gas [6] | cellular respiration
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| break down the tissues and recycle the organic and inorganic compounds back into the soil [6] | decomposers
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| modern method of classification that identifies groups of organisms and gives each a scientific name [7] | taxonomy
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| when organisms are first placed into one of the major categories [7] | kingdoms
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| largest division within a kingdom [7] | phylum
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| organisms whose DNA is distributed throughout the cytoplasm of their cells [7] | prokaryotes
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| bacteria which requires oxygen for respiration [7] | aerobes
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| bacteria which use other chemicals to release energy [7] | anaerobes
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| some bacteria that live on and in the bodies of other organisms [7] | host
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| organisms whose DNA is located within a nucleus that is enclosed by a nuclear membrane [7] | eukaryotes
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| cells that are enclosed within a cell wall, contain a nucleus, but lack chloroplasts [7] | fungi
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| compounds that break down food materials [7] | enzymes
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| organisms that have a backbone [7] | vertebrates
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| animals without a backbone [7] | invertebrates
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