NHTC 8 Pathological Conditions Pulmonology
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| dyspnea | difficult or painful respiration
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| sputum | material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated through the mouth
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| hypercapnia | increased level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood
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| COPD | a group of lung diseases that is characterized by chronic persistent obstruction of the airway
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| tachypnea | abnormally rapid breathing; hyperventilation
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| emphysema | chronic condition that develops slowly where there is destruction of alveolar walls and permanently inflated alveolar air spaces
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| consolidation | solidification of the lungs caused by pneumonia
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| bronchiolitis | common infection in young children caused by the respiratory syncytial virus
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| asphyxia | condition caused by insufficient oxygen intake as in drowning, shock, inhalation of toxic smoke, or lodging of a foreign body in the respiratory tract
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| atelectasis | collapse of a lung or part of a lung
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| pulmonary embolus | blood clot or other material that travels through the bloodstream and lodges in the pulmonary vessels
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| tuberculosis | infectious disease that produces tubercles in the lung; contracted through aerosol transmission
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| pleurisy | inflammation of the pleural membranes
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| anoxemia | deficiency of oxygen in the blood
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| accute respiratory distress syndrome | a form of pulmonary edema in which dyspnea and tachypnea are followed by progressive hypoxemia; also called shock lung
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| hydrothorax | a noninflammatory accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity
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| adventituous | abnormal breath sounds heard on auscultation to the chest
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| cystic fibrosis | genetic disorder that results in thick, tenacious mucus due to a defect in the exocrine glands
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| anthracosis | accumulation of carbon deposits in the lungs from inhalation of coal dust or smoke
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| pneumothorax | collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity
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