Chemistry p. 13-16
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Atoms | the smallest particle of an element, always have same number of protons & electrons, no charge
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| Subatomic Particle | pieces of an atom
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| Proton | found in the nucleus, charge of +1, weight of 1, number of protons identifies the atom
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| Neutron | neutral, no charge, found in the nucleus, weight of 1, make nucleus stable, keep protons from repelling one another
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| Electron | smallest of particles, located in shells around the nucleus, constantly moving throughout those shells, charge of -1, outer shell electrons react (involved in chemical reactions)
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| Ions | atoms that have lost or gained electrons, always have a charge, charge will tell you if they have lost or gained electrons
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| Cation | ions that are formed when we lose an electron, have more protons than electrons, positive charge
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| Anion | ions that are formed when we gain an electron, have more electrons than protons, negative charge
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| Elements | pure substances made up of identical atoms
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| Elements in the Body | Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Potassium, Sodium, Calcium & Chloride
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| H | Hydrogen
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| O | Oxygen
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| C | Carbon
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| N | Nitrogen
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| K+1 | Potassium
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| Na+1 | Sodium
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| Ca+2 | Calcium
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| Cl-1 | Chloride
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| Molecules | 2 or more atoms that are bonded together
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| Compound | pure substance containing identical molecules
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| Carbohydrate | most important one is glucose, stored as polysaccharides, animals store it as glycogen, plants make starch
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| Glucose | what our bodies use for energy
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| Polysaccharides | long chains of glucose
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| Proteins | long chains of amino acids, 20 different amino acids, fold into a very specific shape that is essential to it's function
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| Lipids | organic molecules made by living things that dissolve poorly in water, liquid form=oils & fats
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| Cholesterol | hormones made from cholesterol are steroids (also a lipid)
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| Triglyceride | most common fat in our diet
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| Nucleic Acids | 2 main categories, mRNA & DNA
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| mRNA | messenger RNA, a copy of one gene
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| DNA | double stranded, found in almost every cell in our body- in the nucleus, every cell has identical DNA, it contains all of your genes, each gene has the code for 1 protein
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| Inorganic Compounds in the Body | mostly contain some carbon, but not always made by living things
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| Water | most common and most important inorganic compound in our body; universal solvent
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| Solutions | mixture of different chemicals, always fluids (gas or liquid)
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| Solvent | liquid used to dissolve other things
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| Solute | material that is being dissolved
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| Hypertonic | higher concentrations of solute
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| Hypotonic | lower concentration of solute
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| Isotonic | 2 solutions that have the same total concentration of solute
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| pH scale | is a way of measuring the concentration of Hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution, range of 0-14
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| aqueous | water is the solvent
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| Acids | pH less than 7, low concentration of hydroxide
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| Bases | pH greater than 7, high concentration of hydroxide
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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