Chapter 8 Gastrointestinal system
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| an/o | anus
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| append/o | appendix
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| appendic/o | appendix
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| bar/o | weight
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| bucc/o | cheek
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| cec/o | cecum
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| chol/e | bile,gall
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| cholangi/o | bile duct
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| cholecyst/o | gallbladder
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| choledoch/o | common bile duct
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| col/o | colon
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| colon/o | colon
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| dent/o | tooth
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| duoden/o | duodenum
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| enter/o | small intestine
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| esophag/o | esophagus
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| gastr/o | stomach
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| gingiv/o | gums
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| gloss/o | tongue
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| hepat/o | liver
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| ile/o | ileum
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| jejun/o | jejunum
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| labi/o | lip
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| lapar/o | abdomen
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| lingu/o | tongue
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| lith/o | stone
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| odont/o | tooth
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| or/o | mouth
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| palat/o | palate
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| pancreat/o | pancreas
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| pharyng/o | throat, pharynx
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| proct/o | anus and rectum
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| pylor/o | pylorus
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| rect/o | rectum
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| sialaden/o | salivary gland
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| sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon
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| -emesis | vomit
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| -lithiasis | condition of stone
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| -orexia | appetite
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| -pepsia | digestion
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| -phagia | eat, swallow
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| -prandial | pertaining to meal
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| -tripsy | surgical crushing
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| cheil/o | lips
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| pyr/o | fire, heat
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| staphyl/o | uvula
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| stomat/o | mouth
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| uvul/o | uvula
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| -clysis | irrigation
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| anal | pertaining to the anus
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| appendectomy | removal of the appendix
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| appendicitis | inflammation of the appendix
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| buccal | pertaining to the cheeks
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| cheilitis | inflammation of the lips
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| cholecystectomy | removal of the gallbladder
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| cholecystogram |
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| pertaining to the gallbladder
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| cholecystalgia | gall bladder pain
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| cholelithiasis | infestation of gall stones
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| colectomy | removal of the colon
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| colonstomy | surgical opening of some part of the colon
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| colorectal | pertaining to the colon and rectum
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| colonic | pertaining to the colon
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| dental | pertaining to the teeth
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| dentalgia | tooth pain/ tooth ache
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| duodenal | pertaining to the duodenum
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| enteric | pertaining to the small intestine
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| enteritis | inflammation of the small intestine
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| esophageal | pertaining to the esophagus
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| esophagectasis | dilated esophagus
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| gastralgia | stomach pain
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| gastric | pertaining to the stomach
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| gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach and small intestine
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| gastroenterologist | one who studies the stomach and small intestine
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| gastromalacia | softening of the stomach
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| nasogastric | pertaining to the nose and stomach
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| gastrostomy | surgical opening of the stomach
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| gastroscope | instrument to view inside the stomach
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| gastritis | inflammation of the stomach
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| gastrectomy | removal of stomach
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| gingivitis | inflammation of the gums
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| gingivectomy | excision of the gums
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| glossal | pertaining to the tongue
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| hypoglossal | pertaining to under the tongue
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| ileal | pertaing to the ileum
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| ileostomy | surgical opening in the ileum to the outside of the abdomen
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| ileectomy | surgical removal of the ileum
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| ileotomy | surgical incision into the ileum
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| jejunal | pertaining to the jejunum
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| laparotomy | incision into the abdomen
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| laparoscope | instrument to view inside the abdomen
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| sublingual | pertaining to under the tongue
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| orthodontic | pertaining to straight teeth
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| periodontic | pertaining around the teeth
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| oral | pertaining to the mouth
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| palatoplasty | surgical repair of the palate
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| pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas
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| pancreatic | pertaining to the pancreas
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| pharyngeal | pertaining to the pharynx, throat
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| pharyngoplegia | paralysis of the throat
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| pharyngoplasty | surgical repair of the throat
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| proctoptosis | drooping rectum and anus
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| proctology | study of rectum and anus
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| proctopexy | surgical fixation of rectum and anus
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| pyloric | pertaining to pylorus (the region of the stomach where it connects to the duodenum)
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| rectal | pertaining to the rectum
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| sialadenitis/sialoadenitis | inflammation of the salivary gland
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| sigmoidoscope | instrument for viewing inside the sigmoid colon
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| sigmoidal | pertaining to the sigmoid colon
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| staphyloplasty | surgical repair of the uvula
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| stomatalgia | pain in the mouth
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| stomatoplasty | surgical repair of the mouth
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| stomatotomy | incision in the mouth
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| uvulectomy | surgical removal of the uvula
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| enteroclysis | irrigation of the small intestine
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| hematemesis | vomiting up blood
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| hyperemesis | excessive vomiting
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| anorexia | absence of eating
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| dysorexia | abnormal appetite
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| bradypepsia | slow digestion
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| aphagia | unable to swallow or eat
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| dysphagia | difficulty swallowing or eating
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| polyphagia | many (excessive) eating
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| postprandial | after a meal
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| diarrhea | passing of frequent, watery bowel movements
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| polyp | small tumor with pedicle or stem attachment
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| pyrosis | pain/burning sensation (heartburn)
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| anal fistula | abnormal tube like passage from surface around anal opening directly into rectum
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| diverticulitis | inflammation of the diverticulum (an outpouching off the gut)
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| diverticulosis | condition of having diverticula (outpouches of the gut)
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| dysentery | disease characterized by diarrhea, often with mucus and blood, severe abdominal pain, fever, and dehydration
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| hemorrhoids | varicose veins in the rectum
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| polyposis | several small tumors that contain pedicle or stem-like-attachment in mucous membranes of colon
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| cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder
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| cholelithiasis | gallstones
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| colonoscopy | flexible fibersocpe called colonscope; used to view upper portion of colon
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| laparoscopy | laperoscope is passed through the abdominal wall through small incision
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| sigmoidoscopy | procedure using flexible sigmoidscope to visually examine sigmoid colon
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| paracentesis | insertion of needle into abdominal cavity to withdraw fluid
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| gavage | using nasogastric tube to place liquid nourishment directly into stomach
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| lavage | using nasogastric tube to wash out stomach
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| anastomosis | to surgically create connection between two organs or vessels
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| choledocholithotripsy | surgical crushing of gallstone in common bile duct
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| fistulectomy | removal of fistula
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| hemorrhoidectomy | surgical removal of hemorrhoids from anorectal area
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| Ac | before meal
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| BE | barium enema
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| BM | bowel movement
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| EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy
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| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
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| GB | gallbladder
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| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease
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| GI | gastrointestinal
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| NG | nasogastric (tube)
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| NPO | nothing by mouth
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| pc | after meal
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| PO | by mouth
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| UGI | upper gastrointestinal series
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