Disorders of the Immune Response
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| HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS | HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS
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| TYPE I | TYPE I
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| What are type 1 reactions? | Anaphylactic response
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| What is its speed? | Very quick
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| What antibodies is it based upon? | IgE
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| Where does the IGE bind? | Binds to mast cells
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| What are the steps of the Type One response? | 1. Allergen binds to IgE, mast cells degranulate, histamine released, leukotrines and prostaglandins are made
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| TYPE ONE DISEASES | TYPE ONE DIESEASES
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| What are the three types? | Localized and systemic anaphylaxis, and Type one autoimmune disease
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| What is localized anaphlaxis? what does it cause and why? | Animal dander; causes hives due to histamine
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| SYSTEMIC ANAPHLAXIS | SYSTEMIC
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| What are the two types? | Food allergy and nicillin allergy
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| What is a type one autoimmune disease? | Infectious disease, like cross reacting antibodies
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| TYPE TWO | TYPE TWO
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| What kind of reactions are they? | Cytotoxic reactions
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| What antibodies are they due to/ | IgG and IgM
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| Where are the antigens located? | On membranes
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| What do they lead to? | Complement activation
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| TYPE TWO DISEASES | TYPE TWO DISEASES
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| Name the five diseases: | 1. ABO blood type 2. Rh Incombatability 3. Drug induced cyto rxns 4. Graves Disease 5. Myasthenia Gravis
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| Why do we have antibodies against AB if we're O? | B/c we have normal floral that looks like an antigen
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| What is Rh? | protioen on RBC
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| When is the only time blood gets from fetus to mom and vice versa? | At birth
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| What does happen when we have the third baby and some blood is transferred? | IgG gets active, and attacks fetus RBC...NO!
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| How do we stop this? | Give mom some rogam
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| When is the only time this is a problem what + and - WRT baby and mom? | When the baby is Rh+, but mom is Rh-
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| What happens in drug induced cytotoxic reactions? | Drug sticks to plateletts, lyse plateletts -->improper clotting
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| What diseases are caused in this reaction/ | Thrombocytopenic perpura and hemolytic anemia
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| TYPE III | TYPE III
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| What kind of reactions are they? | Immune complex reactions
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| What two antibodies are important here? | IgM and IgG
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| Are they solube or insoluble anitgens in this reaction?Thus, where are teh antigens located? | Solube antigens, so they're in serum and not in cell membrane
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| What do they allow? | Complement activation
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| What are the diseases associated with type III? | Glomerular nephritis
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| What is associated with type III automimmune diseases? | Systemic lupus erythematosus and Rheumatoid arthritis
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| What is glomerular nephritis? | rare, but big problem
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| What are the steps involved in its activation? See fig. 19.6 | 1. Complex in cell wall 2. Neutrophils attracted 3. Enzymes released from neutrophils damage endothelial cells
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| What does SLE cause? | butterfly rash
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| TYPE IV | TYPE IV
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| What kind of reactions are they? | Cell-mediated reactions
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| What does it mean for them to have delayed type sensitivity? | Tkaes a while for them to happen after you see antigen
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| What are the characteristics in the initial sensitization WRT time period? | First time you see it, it takes a long time
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| What are the steps of activation? | 1. Mac or Dend cells process antigen, 2. activate H-t cells and Delay t-cells, and form T memory cells
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| What's special about the t-memory cells formed? | They actually cause a problem when you see the thing a second tim
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| NEXT CONTACT WITH ANTIGEN | AFTER MEMORY CELLS HAVE BEEN CREATED
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| What are the steps now? | 1. Mac or dend cells process antigen, 2. activate memory t-cells 3. go to infected area 4. cause cells and cytokines to be released
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| What do the cells and cytokines cause? | swelling and inflammation-->more macrophages called
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| TYPE IV DISEASES | TYPE IV DISEASES
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| What is one in an infection? | Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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| What does it cause? Which is a ? | Granuloma; lesion
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| What are allergic conact dermatitis? | Poison ivy and latex allergy
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| HISTIOCOMPATABILITY Antigens | ANTIGENS
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| What are they assocaited witH/ | Reactions against MHC molecules
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| MHC molecules hold a role in what process in regards to organs? | Tissue typing
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| OTHER IMMUNE DISORDERS | OTHER IMMUNE DISORDERS
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| What are most drugs? What does this mean? | Haptens--They need to stick to something to initiate antibody response
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Created by:
talkglitter2486