Literature for Children
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| What are the six literary elements in a narrative story? | Setting, Characterization, Plot, Theme, Style and Point of View.
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| What are five types of non-narratives? | Descriptive, Expository, Persuasive, Non-fiction and Poetry.
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| What is the setting? | Time and place in which the story occurs.
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| What is characterization? | Means by which an author establishes credibility of the character.
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| What is the plot? | The sequence of story events.
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| What is the theme? | The central unifying idea.
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| What is the style? | How an author writes - the vocabulary and the syntax.
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| What is the point of view? | Part of the style, the perspective in which the story is told.
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| What are the 3 types of point of view? | 1st person, 3rd person limited and omniscient.
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| What is 1st person? | Solely from characters point of view (uses the pronoun I)
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| What is 3rd person limited? | Limits the information to what the central character could logically know
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| What is Omniscient? | All knowing.
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| What are the 9 types of genre? | Picture books, Poetry, Folklore, Fantasy, Realistic Fiction, Historical Fiction, Biography, Nonfiction and Culturally Diverse.
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| What are the two types of books written? | textbooks and trade books (books for entertaining - includes all genres including nonfiction)
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| What is transactional reading? | Link between what a child brings to story and what story is about.
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| What is aesthetic reading? | reading for fun - no test.
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| What is efferent reading? | reading for fact.
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| What was the pre-literature age? | oral tradition - no thought to literature for children
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| What 2 types of stories were in the pre-literature age? | cottage tales and castle tales
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| What were hornbooks? | not books - written on a wooden paddle - instructional purposes
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| What were chapbooks (pennybooks)? | folded paper similar to a newspaper - not specifically for children - 1st time books were affordable.
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| What was the Golden Age of literature? | the invention of the printing press, making books affordable, early illustrators, colored pictures, rhymes
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| What publishing company established a children's publishing division? | McMillan Publishing
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| What is the Newberry Medal? | Given to American authors for outstanding writing of a children's book - only one per year.
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| What is the Newberry Honor? | Runner-up to the Newberry medal.
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| What is the Caldecott Medal? | Given to American illustrator for the best illustrations in children's book - only one per year.
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| What year are the Newberry and Caldecott awards given? | The year following publication (i.e. 2011 medal winner - book published in 2010)
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| What is the Gilded Age? | Covers are pretty - quality is poor.
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| What is the Gild to Guilt age? | racist and sexist books published, bibliotherapy is popular (self help books)
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| What is a traditional tale? | original author unknown - "The Was an Old Woman who Swallowed a Fly"
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| What is a cummulative story? | A story built on itself - "There Was an Old Woman Who Swallowed a Fly"
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| What are 3 ways illustrations compliment a Picture book? | no text - pictures tell the story; pictures compliment the text; illustrations extend the text
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| What are the 8 types of picture books? | toy books (pop-ups), interactive (I spy),concept(facts and story), alphabet books (Chicka Chicka Boom Boom), Counting books, Patterned (Going on a Bear Hunt), Beginning to Read, Transitional Books (Frog & Toad, Junie B. Jones)
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| What is an anthology? | collection of poems by many different poets in one book.
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| What is the singing quality of a poem? | rhythm, melody and movement
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| What are the 4 sound patterns in poetry? | Alliteration, assonance, Onomatopoeia and Repitition
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| What is alliteration? | repetition of initial consonant sounds (peter piper)
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| What is assonance? | repetition of vowel (fuzzy wuzzy)
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| What is onomatopoeia? | words that create sound (ooze, thud, drip, plop)
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| Name the two types of imagery? | metaphors and similes
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| What is personification? | human characteristics given to inanimate objects.
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| What is a hyperbole? | a gross exaggeration
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| What are the 6 styles of poetry? | narrative, limerick, haiku, cinaquin, free verse and shape
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| What is a narrative style poem? | poem that tells a story/feelings and rhymes
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| what is a limerick style poem? | poem that has 5 lines; lines 1,2 &5 rhyme and lines 3&4 rhyme (AABBA)
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| what is a haiku? | poem that has 3 lines, 17 syllables about nature - 5,7,5
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| what is a cinaquain? | poem that has 5 lines, 22 syllables, 2,4,6,8,2
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| What is a shape poem? | the poem is written in the shape of the subject (ice cream cone, hershey kiss)
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| What is a free verse poem? | poem that conveys story without rhyming
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| What are the five types of traditional literature? | folktales, tall tales, fables, mythology and legends
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| What are the five characteristics of a folktale? | 1. action starts quickly 2. characters are flat 3. predictable 4. conventions & motifs 5. recognizable pattern
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| What is a flat or stock character? | characters that do not change, not well developed (prince is always handsome, step-mother is always bad)
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| What is a convention? | adds to concept of the story (Once upon a time, Happily ever after or numbers 3,4, 5, 7 or 11)
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| What is a motif? | a wish or a spell
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| What is a noodlehead tale? | character is simple minded - causes the reader to laugh at ourselves - nothing changes except perceptive
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| What is a pourquoi tale? | Title begins with "Why".
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| What is a fable? | Animal characters with a moral, only a few paragraphs
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| What is a legend? | A story from contemporary past regarded as true in a worldly way. (King Arthur)
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| What is a hero tale? | focuses on a person from the past (John Henry, Johnny Appleseed, Davey Crockett)
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| What is a tall tale? | Only traditional literature from USA - very far fetched (Paul Bunyan, Pecos Bill)
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| Why is mythology? | Takes place in the remote past, very complicated (Greek, Norse, Roman - simple story)
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| What is fantasy literature? | Impossible becomes convincingly possible
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| What is a literary tale? | has the same qualities of a folktale only the author is known
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| What evolved into fantasy? | literary tale
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| What are the 5 types of fantasy? | Quest stories, time warp, animal fantasies, magic & humor and science fiction
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| What is a quest story? | character is searching for something
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| What is a time warp? | also called time slip, start at one point in time and go forward or back throughout the story
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