ap2test2
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Both nervous and endocrine system are import in maintaining this | homeostasis
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of the 2 systems; this system tends to be more widespread and less immediate in its effects | endocrine
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types of glands release substance into the interstitial fluid then go into the blood | endocrine
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these glands secrete outside of the body | exocrine
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hormone that acts on the cell that produces it | autocrine
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horomone which enter the blood are called | circulating hormones
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A hormone which acts on cells in the vicinity of its release | paracrine
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steroid hormones and thyroid hormones are what kind of soluble | lipid
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Amines, peptides, and proteins are which kind of soluble | water
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Acts as a secondary messenger for some water based hormones | cyclic amp
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receptors for water soluble hormones are found here | cell membrane
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hormone receptors for lipid soluble hormones are found in the | cytosol or in the nucleus
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These bind to nuclear receptors and inactivate them when hormones are not present | chaperonin
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this hormone producing structure is found anterior and inferior to the thalamus in the diecphalon | hypothalamus
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hormone released by the hypothalamus in response to low t3 levels | TRH- thyrotropin releasing hormone
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horomone released by the hypothalamus in response to low levels of estrogens | gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
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Hormones released by the hypothalamus due to hypergycemia | GHRH and CRH
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2 hormones synthesized by the hypothalamus and released by the neurohypophysis | oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
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The part of the pituitary which is anterior and is composed of glandular epithelium | adenohypophysis
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the pituitary is found in this part of the sphenoid bone | sella turcica
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The pituitary is often considered ____ gland because it regulates many other endocrine glands. | master
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The ________ controls the pituitary with releasing and inhibiting hormones. | hypothalamus
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Vascular connection between the hypothalamus and the adenohypophysis | hypophyseal portal system
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in the hypthalomohypophyseal tract of the cell body; axons are found in the | hypothalamic nuclei
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2 hormones are trasported by the hypothalamonhypophyseal tract | oxytocin and antidurietic hormone
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hormones which target other endocrine organs | tropins
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hormone releases IGFs and promote growth of muscle and home | Growth hormone
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Causes the release of hormone from the adrenal cortex | adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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Anterior pituitary hormones that effect the gonads | LH and FSH
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Hormone that stimulates milk production | Prolactin
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Causes kidneys to reabsorb more water | antidiuretic hormone
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Bilobed gland found on the trachea just inferior to the larynx | thyriod gland
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Thyroid is composed of these fluid filled sphericle structures called | thyroid follicles
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Thyroglobin is made by the | follicular cells
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These cells produce calcitonin | parafollicular cells or C-Cells
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These cells synthesize T3 and T4 | thyroid follicle hormone
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Thyroxine has this many iodine atoms attached | 2 thyrosines
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Hormone that increases basal metabolic rate | T3 and T4
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T3 and T4 role in maintaining normal body temp is called the _____ effect | calorigenic
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The numbers on thyroid hormones T3 and T4 stand for the number of these atoms | iodine
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This hormone decreaes blood calcium | calcitonin (CT)
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The bone sparing effects of calcitonin results from the inhibition of these | osteoclasts
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This autoimmune disease results in hyperthyroidism | Graves disease
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This autoimmune disorder results in hyposecretion of T3 and T4 | Hashimotos
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An enlarged thyroid results in this | goiter
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One cause of an enlarged thyroid is the lack of this in a diet | iodine
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On the posterior of the thyroid are 2 pairs of these glands | parathyroid glands
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The the parathyroid gland these are the cells which make parathyroid hormones | cheif cells or principle cells
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Parathyroid hormone cause these organs to reabsorb more calcium | intestine
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this hormone increases blood calcium | parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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Cacitriol enhances the absorption of calcium here | kidneys
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In responce to parathyroid hormone the kidneys will reabsorb more | blood calcium
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PTH converts inactive Vit D to its active form in this organ | kidneys
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Theses glands are found on top of the kidneys | adrenal glands
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Hormone that causes the kidneys to reabsorb more sodium | aldosterone
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The mineralcorticoids are made in this zone of the adrenal cortex | zona glomeulosa
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Angiotension II causes the adrenal cortex to release this | aldosterone
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Androgens are made in this zone of the adrenal cortex | zona reticlaris
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Adrenal cortex hormone that is responsible for the female libido | androgens
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This hormone causes gluconeogenesis | cortisol
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This hormone has anti-inflammatory actions | cortisol
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This glucocorticoid are made in this zone of the adrenal cortex | zona fasclculata
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Chromaffin cells are found here | adrenal medulla
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These hormones are released by chromaffin cells, cause the fight or flight reaction, and increase heart rate | epinephrine and norephinephrine
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This organ has both endocrine and exocrine tissue | pancreas
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The endocrine portion of the pancreas | Islets of Langhorns
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Insulin is synthesized by these cells | B-Cells (beta cells)
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The exocrine portion of the pancreas | acini
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Glucagon is synthesized by these cells | A Cells (alpha cells)
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This hormone causes and increase in blood sugar | glucagon
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Glugagon is released by these cells | A cells (alpha cells)
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Hormone that causes breakdown of glycogen | Glucagon
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Hyperglycemia is a stimulus for this pancreatic hormone | glucagon
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Hypoglycemis is a stimulus for this pancreatic hormone | Insulin
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Hormone causes protein synthesis | lipogenesis
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3 cradinal signs of DM are | polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
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