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Ch 8 Vocabulary

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Question
Answer
anorexia   A general term meaning loss of appetite that may accompany other conditions. Also refers to anorexia nervosa, a personality disorder involving refusal to eat.  
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ascites   Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity.  
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bowel incontinence   Inability to control defecation.  
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bridge   Dental appliance attached to adjacent teeth for support to replace missing teeth.  
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cachexia   Loss of weight and generalized wasting that occurs during chronic disease.  
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constipation   Experiencing difficulty in defecation or infrequent defecation.  
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crown   Artificial covering for the tooth created to replace the original crown.  
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dental caries   Gradual decay and disintegration of teeth caused by bacteria; may lead to abscessed teeth. Commonly called a tooth cavity.  
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dentistry   Branch of healthcare involved with prevention, diagnosis, & treatment of conditions involving the teeth, jaw, & mouth. Practiced by a dentist or oral surgeon.  
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denture   Partial or complete set of artificial teeth that are set in plastic materials. Acts as a substitute for the natural teeth & related structures.  
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diarrhea   Passing of frequent, watery bowel movements. Usually accompanies gastrointestinal (GI) disorders.  
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emesis   Vomiting  
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gastroenterology   Branch of medicine involved in diagnosis & treatment of diseases & disorders of the digestive system. Physician is a gastroenterologist.  
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hematochezia   Passing bright red blood in the stools.  
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implant   Prosthetic device placed in the jaw to which a tooth or denture may be anchored.  
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internal medicine   branch of medicine involving the diagnosis & treatment of diseases & conditions of internal organs such as the digestive system. The physician is an internist.  
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jaundice   Yellow cast of the skin, mucous membranes, & whites of the eyes caused by the deposit of bile pigment from too much bilirubin,a waste product found in the blood when worn-out blood cells are broken down. May be a symptom of gallstones or liver carcinoma.  
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melena   Passage of dark tarry stools. Color is the result of digestive enzymes working on blood in the GI tract.  
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nausea   The urge to vomit.  
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obesity   Body weight that is above a healthy level. A person whose weight interferes with normal activity & bodily function has morbid obesity.  
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orthodontics   Branch of dentistry concerned with correction of problems with tooth alignment. A specialist is an orthodontist.  
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periodontics   Branch of dentistry concerned with treating conditions involving the gums & tissues surrounding the teeth. A specialist is a periodontist.  
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polyp   Small tumor with a pedicle or stem attachment. Commonly found on mucous membranes such as those lining the colon or nasal cavity. Colon polyps may be precancerous.  
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proctology   Branch of medicine involved in diagnosis & treatment of diseases & disorders of the anus and rectum. Physician is a proctologist.  
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pyrosis   Pain and burning sensation usually caused by stomach acid splashing up into the esophagus. Commonly called heartburn.  
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regurgitation   Return of fluids and solids from the stomach into the mouth.  
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