Science Topic 4 Definitions 2011
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Chemistry | Scientific study of matter, its properties and its interaction with other matter and energy
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| Model | A representation of something based on a set of assumptions, usually determined through experiments
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| Charge | The net effect of losing or gaining atoms
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| Atom | The smallest particle of an element
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| Element | A substance made of only 1 type of atom
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| Molecule | A group of atoms joined by bonds
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| Compound | A group of different atoms that are joined in a fixed ratio
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| Periodic Table | The arrangement of elements into a table of groups and periods
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| Electron shells | The arrangement of electrons around the nucleus based on energy levels
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| Chemical formula | A shorthand way of writing the name of an element or compound
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| Word equation | Show the changes that occur in a chemical reaction
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| Chemical reaction | Interactions in which atoms exchange or share electrons forming new chemical compounds
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| Reactant | The chemical compounds that combine to start a chemical reaction
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| Products | The chemical compounds that are produced during a chemical reaction
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| Protons | Defining components of atom which are found in the nucleus and have a positive charge
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| Neutron | Particles with no charge in an atom which create different isotopes
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| Electron | Negatively charged components of an atom which orbit the neuclus
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| Ion | Charged atom due to a different amount of protons to electrons
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| Isotope | Atoms of element with different number of neutrons
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| Nucleus | Makes up 1/10,000 of space in atom
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| Chemical symbol | Unique 1-3 letters which name a chemical
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| Atomic number | Number of protons in 1 atom of element
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| Atomic weight | Average weight of 1 atom of element
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| Period | Row of elements
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| Mass number | Number of protons + number of neutrons
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| Electrolysis | Using electricity to cause a chemical change
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| Decomposition | Breakdown of compound into simpler substances
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| Ionic | Type of compound made from attraction of metal and non-metal ions
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| Covalent | Type of compound made from 2 non-metals that share electrons
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| Lattice | Large array of atoms or ions that repeats itself millions of times
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| Flame test | Where the colours of the flame are used to identify the types of atoms present
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| Equation | A written record of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction
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| Lime-water | Reagent used to test for presence of carbon dioxide
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| Limestone | Types of rock dissolved away by carbon dioxide gas dissolved in rainwater
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| Precipitate | An insoluble substance that forms when ions come together
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| Suspension | An insoluble substance shaken in water
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| Neutralisation | Reaction where an acid and a base react and destroy each other
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| Calcium carbonate | Chemical substance present in lime, limestone, caves, chalk and cement
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| Combustion | Burning
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| Combination | 2 elements combining to form a single compound
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