Cardio 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| irregular rhythm, no Ps, variable ventricular rate | A fib
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| regular (or regularly irregular) rhythm, >300bpm | A flutter
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| 2 important results of AFFIRM | rate > rhythm & anticoagulation
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| mitral stenosis | 2 points
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| CVA | 2 points
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| HTN | 1 point
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| DM | 1 point
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| age >75 | 1 point
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| CHF | 1 point
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| LV systolic dysfunction | 1 point
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| CHADS2 0-1 treatment | ASA 325 mg/day
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| CHADS2 2 treatment | favor ASA unless had CVA, then use warfarin
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| CHADS2 3-6 treatment | warfarin unless contraindicated
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| regular ventricular rhythm | PVST
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| palpitations, dizziness, dyspnea, chest pain, fatigue, syncope | PVST sx
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| vagal maneuvers, adensosine, verapamil/diltiazem, beta blockers, ablation | treatment for PVST
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| disorder of impulse formation w/3 different P waves, >100bpm | MAT
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| associated with MAT | COPD
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| disorder of impulse formation w/3 different P waves, <100bpm | wandering atrial pacemaker
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| self-sustaining electrical circuit that repeated depolarizes a region of cardiac tissue | reentry rhythm
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| short PR and delta waves due to AV bypass tract | WPW
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| palpitations, syncope, SCD | WPW sx
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| not treated w/AV blocking agents | WPW
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| treatment of choice for WPW | ablation
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| drug of choice for WPW | procainamide
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| premature contraction, no P wave, wide QRS complex w/compensatory pause and ST opposite QRS | PVC
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| ventricular stimulus causes premature depolarization of cells that have not been completely repolarized | R on T phenomenon
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| reentry rhythm due to structurally abnormal heart or triggered activity | VF/VT
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| electrical wavefront travels thru zone of slow conduction (usually damaged muscle protected by scar), allowing the rest of the circuit time to repolarize. The wavefront breaks out of the scar, activates the ventricle, and reenters the slow conduction zone | reentry - structurally abnormal
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| most commonly involved sites are the RV outflow tract, LV outflow tract, LV septum, and the aortic root | abnormal automaticity (triggered activity)
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| CAD, severe electrolyte derangements (alcoholics), structurally abnormal heart (MI), brugada syndrome | commonly associated w/VF/VT
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| kind of VT treated w/amiodarone and/or lidocaine | >30 s but stable
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| kind of VT treated with defibrillation | unstable, pulseless
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| type of VT w/polymorphic QRSs | torsades de pointes
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| hypoK+, hyperMg++, malnourishment, some antipsychotics, tricyclic, erythromycin, long QT | can cause torsades de pointes
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| IV Mg++ and K+, and stop offending drugs | treatment for stable torsades
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| isoproteronol and/or cardiac pacing | treatment for acute torsades
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| used to control a fib/flutter rate | verapamil, diltiazem, digoxin, metoprolol
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drhermy
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