final
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| study of bodily fluids | clinical pathology
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| examination of a dead human body is | autopsy, post morteum examination of the body, and necropsy
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| an acute disease is | rapid onset with short duration
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| a disease caused by a pathogenic organism is | infectious
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| the state or condition of being poisoned | intoxication
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| disease caused by lack of an essential element | deficency
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| a sudden increase in severity of signs and symptoms | exacerbation
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| objective manifestation of a disease | acute, symptom
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| change produced by a disease | lesion
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| study of the cause of disease is | etiology
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| the varius pathological processes indicating some disturbance in cell metabolism | regressive tissue changes
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| enter into the healthy because of overflow | infiltration
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| injuries | degenerations
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| when coloring matters pass into the tissues and accumulate | pigmentation
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| coloring matter is from normal pigment present in the body | endogenous
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| pigment which entered the body from outside | exogenous
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| orange yellowish pigment present in bile | billirubin
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| digestive juice produced by the liver and is involved in lipid breakdown | bile
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| billirubin collects in the tissues causing a yellowish discoloration of the skin, whites of eyes, and other areas | jaundice or icterus
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| results from the hemolysis of red bloods cells | post mortem stain
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| abnormal amounts of melanin accumulate in the tissues | melanosis. freckle or mole are common examples
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| pigmentations caused by inhalation of dust are | pneumoconiosis
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| pneumoconiosis caused by coal dust | anthracosis. black lung disease
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| inhalation of stone dust | silicosis
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| inhalation of cotton dust and related foreign materials | byssinosis. mill fever or brown lung
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| general term referring to the deterioration of cells within the body due to changes which occur within the cytoplasm of cells and which affecttheir normal functions | degeneration
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| fatty molecules are accumulationg within cells and have adverse effect on normal cellular function | fatty degeneration. fatty liver. enlarged, yellowish, and greasy to the touch
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| waxy starchlike substance called amyloid is deposited in the tissues. matabollic disorder involving proteins | amyloid diease
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| cellular swelling. given to the appearence cells take on when they are somewhat swollen and contain an abnormal amount of water | cloudy swelling
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| condition in which calcium is deposited withing the tissues of the body with no attempt at bone formation | pathological calcification
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| lesions of tuberculosis | tubercles
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| decrease in size of a once normal body part | atrophy
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| the body part never properly developes | hypoplasia
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| normal atrophy | mammory glands after milk production ceases, uterus after pregnancy, old age, thymus gland
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| may occur as result of various functional and structural problems which occur in different organs of the body | pathological atrophy
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| common reasons for pathological atrophy | inadequate nutrition, inadequate nervous system stimulation, disuse
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| the study of disease | pathology
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| study of the structure and function of the body as it is affected by disease | pathology
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| studies changes in the structure and function of the body which can be observed with the unaided eye | gross pathology
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| studies changes which occur in cells of the body at the microscopic level | microscopic, cellular, or histo- pathology
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| deals with general or broad disease processes, such as necrosis or inflammation, which may affectthe entire body or wide- spread tissues and organs | general pathology
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| studies disease processes affecting individual body areas or systems, such as pathology of the respiratory system or disease of the skin | special pathology
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| deals with the study of tissue which have been removed from the body for pathological study | pathological anatomy ex. biopsy
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| if tissue is removed during surgery- during autopsy- | biopsy; autopsy pathology
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| refers to study the funtional changes in the body resulting from disease | physiological pathology
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| any change in the structure or function of the body as a result of injury to the tissues | disease
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| gradual onset with a long duration | chronic
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| an acute disease that ends in death | fulminating disease
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| symptoms and signs of a disease reappear after a period of remission | recurrent disease
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| a disease caused by a living microorganism | infectious disease
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| disease in which are easily spread person to person | contagious
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| refers to presence of macroscopic organisms on or in the body | infestation
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| cause of disease is not know | idiopathic
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| disease results from the nature of one's open working conditions | occupational
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| diseases which are always present to some degree in a given area or community | endemic
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| diseases which are found to occur only occasionally in a community | sporadic
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| diseases which affect a much larger than normal number of people in a community at one time | epidemic
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| disease which affect the majority of the population in a very large area, possibly even world wide | pandemic
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| refers to the number of cases of a disease within a certain population at a given time | prevelence
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| developement of a disease after birth | acquired disease
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| congenital disease | present at or before birth
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| a disease transmitted from parent to offspring. genetic diseases | hereditary
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| a disease characterized by the precence of fever | febrile disease
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| one which results from a physicians treatment of patient | iatrogenic
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| any defect in formation, structure or position of a body part | malformations or anaomalies
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| absence of a body part | aplasia
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| underdevelopemnt of a body pary | hypoplasia
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| a defect in the walls of the lower part of the spinal column | spina bifada
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| excess number of fingers or toes | polydactylism
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| protrusion of an organ through the wall of a body cavity in which it is contained | hernia
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| an abnormal tract or chanel through the tissues connecting one body cavity with another | fistula
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| a sac like structure containing fluid or a semi solid substance | cyst
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| genetic defect resulting in various degrees of mental retardation, a dwarfed physique, and certain characteristics of the head and extremities | Down's syndrome
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| any change produced by a disease | lesion
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| diseases have readily identifiable characteristic lesions | organic diseases
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| a disease with no apparent underlying organic disorder | funtional disease
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| subjective manifestation of a disease. cannot be measured | symptoms
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| objective manifestation of disease. can be measured | sign
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| a group of signs and symptoms that occur together | syndrome
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| the determination of what disease exists. analysis of patient history, signs, sympotoms, and results of tests ordered by the physician | diagnosis
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| differential diagnosis | the process by which a physician will rule out certain diseases with similar signs and symptoms so that an accurate determination can be made
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| prediction of the outcome of a disease | prognosis
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| abatement; temporary or permanent disappearance of signs or symptoms | remission
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| any unfavorable condition that may arise during a disease | complication. ex: hemorrhage resulting from duodental peptic ulcer
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| the cause of the disease | etiology
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| the developement of a disease, what it causes, what changes it produces, nd how it affects the structure | pathogenesis
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| prediposing factors | age, race, gender, genetics, occupation, enviroment
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| trauma | cuts or bruises
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| physical agents | radiation, electricity
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| chemical agents | acids, alkalines, poison, drugs
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| living agents | bacteria, viruses, parasites
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| deficency | vitamins, minerals, hormones
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| allergens | dust, pollen
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| remote afteraffects of disease. may appear 20 or 30 years after the acute stage | sequelae
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| a disease that arises during the course of another disease | intercurrent. example cancer patient has a heart attack
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| non pus forming | non- suppurative disease
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| a disease that can be transmitted from one person to another | communicable
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| a sate of hypersensativity of the immune system; an overreaction to a harmless substance called an allergen | allergy
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| a disease with no apparent underlying organic disorder | functional disease
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| when the host body produces antibodies against an antigen it is | active immunity
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| cardinal manifestations of acute inflammation | redness
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| exudate that contains blood | hemorrhagic
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| white blood cell that are first to enter the area of injury | neutrophil
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| an area of pus surrounded by a wall of inflammatory tissue | abcess
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| localized area of necrosis in skin and mucous membranes | ulcer
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| an elevation of skin containing pus | pustule
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| furuncle | boil
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| any new, abnormal growth of tissue in the body which serves no useful purpose | a neoplasm
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| the study of neoplasms or tumors | oncology
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| type of growth that is not neoplastic in nature | hypertrophy
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| term used to descibe an increase in the size of a body part due to an increase in the size of the individual cells | hypertrophy
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| when an organ increases in size due to the failure of another organ | compensatory hypertrophy (kidney or lung)
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| an increase in the size of a body part due to an increase in the number of cells in that organ | hyperplasia
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| endocrine glands | produce hormones
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| replacement of one type of tissue in a major category by another type of tissue in that same category | metaplasia
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| histological basis | type of tissue from which the tumor arises
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| clinical basis | how the tumor behaves and general characteristics
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| the more serious, life threatening type of tumor. normally refers to cancer | malignant
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| non- cancerous | benign
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| gorw by exspansion | benign
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| grow by infiltration | malignant
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| tumor that is often encapsulated | benign
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| tumors generally not encapsulated | malignant
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| tumor that does not spread from growth site | benign
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| tumor that can spread from one body are to another. metastasis | malignant
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| tumors that do not generally cause exstensive destruction of tissues | benign
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| tumors that do cause great damage to surrounding tissues | malignant
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| usually bear a fairly close resemblance to the tissue from which they originated | benign
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| tumors that generally do not recur when surgically removed | benign
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| tumors that often do recur after surgery | malignant
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| tumors that are not generally fatal | benign
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| the suffix oma refers to a tumor that is | benign
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| used to identify malignancies of non- epithelial tissues, especially varius connective and muscle tissue tumors | sarcoma
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| this ending designates malignancies of epithelial tissue | carcinoma
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| tumors of the bone | osteoma- benign; osteosarcoma- malignant
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| tumors of fibrous connective tissue | fibroma- benign; fibrosarcoma- malignant
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| tumors of cartilage | chondroma- benign; chondrosarcoma- malignant
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| tumors of fatty or adipose tissue | lipoma- benign; liposarcoma- malignant
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| tumors of the vessels | angioma- benign; angiosarcoma- malignant
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| tumors of the lymphatic vessels | lymphangioma-benign; lymph- angio- sarcoma-malignant
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| tumors of blood vessels | hemangioma- benign; hemangiosarcoma- malignant
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| tumors of lymphoid tissues or lymph nodes | lymphoma- malignant; lymphosarcoma- benign "Exception"
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| form of lymphoma | Hodgkin's disease
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| leukemia | cancer of the blood; malignant; uncontrolled leukocytes or too much white blood cells
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| tumors of glandular epithelium | adenoma- benign; adenocarcinoma- malignant
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| tumors of stratisfied squamous epithelium | epithelioma- malignant; squamous cell carcinoma- malignant "exception"
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| basal cell carcinoma | malignant
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| transitional cell carcinoma | malignant. urinary tract cells
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| papilloma | benign. may turn malignant
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| nevus | mole. benign
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| melanoma | malignant. "exception"
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| myoma | tumors of the muscle- benign
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| smooth or involuntary muscle tissue | leiomyoma
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| voluntary muscle tisse | rhabdomyoma
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| myosarcoma | malignant muscle umor
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| leiomyosarcoma | smooth or involuntary muscle tissue
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| rhabdomyosarcoma | voluntary muscle tissue
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| benign tumors of the nerve cells | neuroma
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| malignant tuomr involving the neuroglia | glioma
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| term given to any agent capable of causing cancer | carcinogen
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| heredity, envriomental factors, occupational exposure to chemicals, prolonged irritation, viruses, hormones, | important carcingogenic agents
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