Stack #65822
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| articulation difficulties result from an impairment of the | peripheral motor system
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| phonological difficulties result from an impairment of the | central linguistic abilities
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| phonemic inventory | the phonemes an individual uses contrastively or meaningfully
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| primary muscle of respiration | diaphragm
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| primary muscles of inspiration | external intercostals
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| muscles that assist with expiration | internal intercostals
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| process of vibrating vocal folds in the presence of outflowing air, used to create sound | phonation
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| tense/relax & adduct/abduct the larynx | intrinsic muscles
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| elevate and depress the larynx | extrinsic muscles
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| changes in the cavities of the vocal tract will alter the quality of sound, by dampening some frequencies, accentuating others | resonation
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| sequencing & timing of speech muscle activity is an integral portion of | articulation
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| refers to difficulties with motor processes that result in speech--cannot make a particular sound--form | articulation disorder
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| difficulty with the sustem and patterns of language use--can make the sound, but fails to use sound in correct way or at correct time--function | phonological disorder
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| the study of speech/the description and classification of speech sounds according to their production, transmission & perceptual features--emphasizes form | phonetics
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| the study of the systems and patterns of phonemes within a language/the study of the meanings of speech sounds & sound combinations--emphasizes function | phonology
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| branches of phonetics | articulatory, acoustic, auditory
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| unit of sound | phone
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| variation of sound unit that doesn't change meaning | allophone
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| linguistic units that establish or distinguish meaning | phoneme
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| the study of the possible combinations & restrictions of phonemes & phonemic combinations in a language | phonotactics
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| units of sound that we often associate with meaning/a motor behavior | speech sounds
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| tongue approaches upper incisors | dentalization
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| speech sounds can be described in terms of these 3 physical variables | frequency, amplitude, & duration
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| high frequency consonants | sibilants & affricates
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| low frequency consonants | nasals and bilabial stops
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| mid-frequency consonants | voiced velar /g/ & voiced alveolar /d/
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| mid-high frequency consonants | voiceless velar /k/ & voiceless alveolar /t/
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| consonants with a build up of intra-oral pressure | stops, affricates, fricatives
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| consonants not requiring a build up of intra-oral pressure | nasals, liquids, glides
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| the adaptive changes in which one sound becomes similar to a neighboring sound | assimilation
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| assimilation when sounds are adjacent | contiguous
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| assimilation when sounds are separated by other sounds | noncontiguous
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| assimilation influence moves forward | progressive
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| assimilation influence moves backward | regressive
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| phonetic inventory | all the speech sounds an individual produces correctly
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| can only be used for consonant substitutions, vowels cannot be assessed with this method | phonological process analysis
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| would be necessary to analyze in multisyllabic but not monosyllabic words | intervocalic
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| appraisal | collection of data
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| central to the distinction btw phonetic and phonemic speech sound impairments | lack of phonemic contrasts
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| type of scoring typically suggested in the manuals of articulation tests | 5-way scoring
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| stimulability testing is important because | it provides the clinician with a measure of the child's consistency on two different tasks
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| place-manner-voice analysis is based upon | phonetic features
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| an analysis procedure that can assess changes in the syllable structure | phonological process analysis
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| what determmines an error pattern when phonological process analysis is used? | the most frequent processes present
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| to determine the percentage of consonants correct use this formula | # of consonants correct / # consonants correct plus incorrect consonants X 100
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Created by:
kashamustin