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artic dev
Stack #65822
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| articulation difficulties result from an impairment of the | peripheral motor system |
| phonological difficulties result from an impairment of the | central linguistic abilities |
| phonemic inventory | the phonemes an individual uses contrastively or meaningfully |
| primary muscle of respiration | diaphragm |
| primary muscles of inspiration | external intercostals |
| muscles that assist with expiration | internal intercostals |
| process of vibrating vocal folds in the presence of outflowing air, used to create sound | phonation |
| tense/relax & adduct/abduct the larynx | intrinsic muscles |
| elevate and depress the larynx | extrinsic muscles |
| changes in the cavities of the vocal tract will alter the quality of sound, by dampening some frequencies, accentuating others | resonation |
| sequencing & timing of speech muscle activity is an integral portion of | articulation |
| refers to difficulties with motor processes that result in speech--cannot make a particular sound--form | articulation disorder |
| difficulty with the sustem and patterns of language use--can make the sound, but fails to use sound in correct way or at correct time--function | phonological disorder |
| the study of speech/the description and classification of speech sounds according to their production, transmission & perceptual features--emphasizes form | phonetics |
| the study of the systems and patterns of phonemes within a language/the study of the meanings of speech sounds & sound combinations--emphasizes function | phonology |
| branches of phonetics | articulatory, acoustic, auditory |
| unit of sound | phone |
| variation of sound unit that doesn't change meaning | allophone |
| linguistic units that establish or distinguish meaning | phoneme |
| the study of the possible combinations & restrictions of phonemes & phonemic combinations in a language | phonotactics |
| units of sound that we often associate with meaning/a motor behavior | speech sounds |
| tongue approaches upper incisors | dentalization |
| speech sounds can be described in terms of these 3 physical variables | frequency, amplitude, & duration |
| high frequency consonants | sibilants & affricates |
| low frequency consonants | nasals and bilabial stops |
| mid-frequency consonants | voiced velar /g/ & voiced alveolar /d/ |
| mid-high frequency consonants | voiceless velar /k/ & voiceless alveolar /t/ |
| consonants with a build up of intra-oral pressure | stops, affricates, fricatives |
| consonants not requiring a build up of intra-oral pressure | nasals, liquids, glides |
| the adaptive changes in which one sound becomes similar to a neighboring sound | assimilation |
| assimilation when sounds are adjacent | contiguous |
| assimilation when sounds are separated by other sounds | noncontiguous |
| assimilation influence moves forward | progressive |
| assimilation influence moves backward | regressive |
| phonetic inventory | all the speech sounds an individual produces correctly |
| can only be used for consonant substitutions, vowels cannot be assessed with this method | phonological process analysis |
| would be necessary to analyze in multisyllabic but not monosyllabic words | intervocalic |
| appraisal | collection of data |
| central to the distinction btw phonetic and phonemic speech sound impairments | lack of phonemic contrasts |
| type of scoring typically suggested in the manuals of articulation tests | 5-way scoring |
| stimulability testing is important because | it provides the clinician with a measure of the child's consistency on two different tasks |
| place-manner-voice analysis is based upon | phonetic features |
| an analysis procedure that can assess changes in the syllable structure | phonological process analysis |
| what determmines an error pattern when phonological process analysis is used? | the most frequent processes present |
| to determine the percentage of consonants correct use this formula | # of consonants correct / # consonants correct plus incorrect consonants X 100 |
Created by:
kashamustin