Describe concepts and processes relating to ecology 90461 key words
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| Abiotic Features | The non living features of an organisms environment.
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| Abundance | how much there is of something.
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| Adaptation | characteristics of organisms that improve their chances of survival.
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| Biotic Features | living features in a habitat or area.
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| Carry Capacity(K) | maximum size of population able to be sustained in an environment.
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| Community | populations of all the species in a particular area that interact.
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| Competitive Exclusion | same as Gause’s Principle
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| Density | population number divided by area of habitat.
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| Density Dependant | the effect depends upon the size of the population.
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| Density Independant | occurs independently of the size of the population.
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| Ecological Niche | the role or way of life of an organisom in its biological community
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| Ecosystem | all the communities and the physical environment in an area.
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| Environment | surroundings of an organism including all the abiotic and biotic factors.
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| Exponential Growth | extreme rapid growth.
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| Fundamental Niche | the tolerance range.
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| Habitat | place where an organism lives.
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| Limiting Factor | environmental constraints that limit the growth of an organism or population.
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| Mortality | death rate.
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| Natality | birth rate.
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| Population | group of organisms of one species.
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| Population Crash | occurs when the density of a population becomes so big that large numbers die in a short period of time.
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| Realised Niche | the optimum range.
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| Species | a classification group made up of a individuals that freely interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
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| Stratification | vertical layers of plant species seen in forests.
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| Survivorship Curve | a graph showing the number of survivors in a populationat various age intervals.
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| Zonation | bands or zones of species distributions seen as a result of a gradient in some environmental factor.
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| Allelopathy | production by a plant of a chemical that inhibits the growth of another species of plant.
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| Commensalism | one member benefits from a relationship, the other is unaffected.
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| Competition | occurs between two individuals/populations when resources become in short supply.
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| Consumer | organisms that obtain their food and nutrients from other organisms.
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| Decomposer | organisms that break down dead plant and animal material.
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| Detritus feeders | animals that have adaptations to feeding no organic debris on/in the substrate.
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| Energy Pyramid | display of the energy value of the biomass of organisms at different trophic levels.
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| Exploitation | relationship in which one organism is harmed and the other benefits.
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| Food chain | group of animals and plants linked together through feeding relationships.
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| Food web | network of food chains.
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| Interspecific competition | competiton between different species
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| Intraspecific competition | competition between members of the same species
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| Mutualism | a relationship between two organisms in which both benefit.
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| Parasite | organisms that live on, and derive their food from, other living organisms.
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| Parasitism | relationship in which one organism (the parasite) lives and feeds off another living organism (the host), so harming it.
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| Predation | act in which animals (predators) kill other animals (prey).
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| Predator | animals that kill and feed on other animals.
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| Producer | plants: organisms that manufacture their own food.
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| Primary Succession | development of a climax (mature) community from bare land that has not been inhabitated before.
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| Secondary succession | development of a mature (climax) community from bare land that has previously been inhabitated
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| Carbon cycle | the exchange of CO2 and O2 between plants and animals and the atmosphere during photosynthesis and respiration.
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| Microhabitat | a very small, specialized habitat such as a clump of grass.
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| Saprophyte | an organism that lives on dead organic matter.
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| Symbiosis | close interaction between different species.
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| Trophic level | position the organism occupies in the food web.
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