APES Chapter 4 Terms
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| A population divided into groups by age. Sometimes the groups represent the actual number of each age in the population; sometimes the groups represent the percentage or proportion of the population of each age. | age structure
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| The rate at which births occur in a population, measured either as the number of individuals born per unit of time or as the percentage of births per unit of time compared with the total population. | birth rate
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| The rate at which deaths occur in a population, measured either as the number of individuals dying per unit time or as the percentage of a population dying per unit time. | death rate
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| The pattern of change in birth and death rates as a country is transformed from undeveloped to developed. Three stages occur. | demographic transition
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| In an undeveloped country, birth and death rates are high and the growth rate is low. | First stage of demographic transition
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| The death rate decreases, but the birth rate remains high and the growth rate is high. | Second stage of demographic transition
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| The birth rate drops toward the death rate and the growth rate therefore also decreases. | Third stage of demographic transition
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| The net increase in some factor per unit time. In ecology, the growth rate of a population, sometimes measured as the increase in numbers of individuals or biomass per unit of time and sometimes as a percentage increase in numbers or biomass per unit time | Growth rate
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| Theoretical estimates of the number of humans who could inhabit Earth at the same time. | Human carrying capacity
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| The estimated average number of years (or other time period used as a measure) that an individual of a specific age can expect to live. | Life expectancy
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| In terms of the logistic curve, the population size at which births equal deaths and there is no net change in the population. | Logistic carrying capacity
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| The S-shaped growth curve that is generated by the logistic growth equation. In the logistic, a small population grows rapidly, but the growth rate slows down, and the population eventually reaches a constant size. | Logistic growth curve
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| Genetically determined maximum possible age to which an individual of a species can live. | Maximum lifetime
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| A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area or interbreeding and sharing genetic information. | Population
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| The causes of changes in population size. | Population dynamics
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| A group of individuals capable of interbreeding | Species
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| The result when the number of births equals the number of deaths so that there is no net change in the size of the population. | Zero population growth
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