GA2 EMBRYO MASH 3
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| Give the name of the embryonic component (not germ layer or cells) that specifically forms: a) enamel b) dental cuticle | a) inner dental epithelium b) stellate reticulum
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| Besides the medial umbilical ligaments, give the derivatives of the embryonic umbilical arteries | Umbilical aa., Superior and Middle vesicle aa., internal iliac aa.
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| Briefly discuss the formation of the left brachiocephalic vein | An oblique anastamosis btw L&R precardinal veins
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| Concerning development of the portal vein: (a) what embryonic vein(s) is/are responsible for its formation? (b) what specific part(s) of the vein(s) remain(s) to form the portal? | a) R & L vitelline VV b) The right limb of the cranial ring & the middle (dorsal) anastomosis
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| Discuss in DETAIL the development of the ductus venosus. Be complete and specific. | The liver grows laterally to the umbilical vv and allows for a more direct route to the heart through hepatic sinusoids. The diagonal blood flow between left & right vitelline veins eventually form the ductus venosus.
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| Discuss the development of the inferior vena cava. Include segments and embryonic vessels responsible. Use right or left if necessary. Both segment and embryonic vessels must be correct to receive ANY credit. | Hepatic- common hepatic vein; Prerenal- R. Subcardinal; Renal- R. sub-supracardinal anastomosis; Postrenal- R. Supracardinal
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| Discuss the development of the vertebral artery. | Form from anastamosis of the dorsal rami 1-7, therefore, they take origin from the 7th dorsal intersegmental & travel upward
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| Draw a simple diagram showing the 'bell'stage of tooth development. Now label ONLY the embryonic layers which have ADULT CROWN derivatives. LASTLY, include in parentheses ( ) the adult derivative. | Draw it!
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| During the development of the arteries within the limb bud, a main central _____________ vessel develops by enlargement and consolidation of the capillary plexus vessels. | axial
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| For EACH below, name two ADULT arteries which develop: a) lateral segmentals b) ventral segmentals | a) inferior phrenic artery, suprarenal artery, renal artery, and testicular or ovarian artery b) internal iliac aa., umbilical aa., superior & middle vesical aa.
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| Give the name of the embryonic component (not germ layer or cells) that specifically forms: a) enamel b) dental cuticle | a) inner dental epithelium of crown b) stellate reticulum
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| IN DETAIL discuss how the pancreas becomes retroperitoneal. | Left side of dorsal mesogastrium & right side of dorsal mesoduodenum fuse with dorsal body wall pancreas becomes reteroperitoneal
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| IN DETAIL. Why does the stomach rotate clockwise around its vertical axis? | Dorsal mesentary of omental bursa lengthens & moves to left due to clefts on the right side of dorsal mesentary causing stomach to rotate 90 degrees.
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| Mesenchyme immediately peripheral to the dentin of the ROOT of a developing tooth forms what two components. | Cementum, periodontal membrane
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| Name ADULT arteries which develop from the vitellines | Celiac, Superior and Inferior Mesenteric Arteries
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| Name the ADULT arteries which develop from the VENTRAL rami of dorsal intersegmentals. | Intercostal aa., lumbar aa., common iliac aa.
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| Name the adult components formed from the primary head vein. | Superficial layer – dural venous sinuses, Deep layer – cerebral veins
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| Name the component(s) which comprise the ventral mesentery | Falciform ligament, lesser omentum
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| SPECIFICALLY from what does the infracardiac bursa develop? SPECIFICALLY, where is it located? | The superior recess of the omental bursa grows cranially to the right lung bud above diaphragm. Usually disappears but can form cystic structure posterior to root of the lung.
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| Specifically, how and where does the omental bursa BEGIN its development? | as small intracellular clefts appear on the right side of the dorsal mesogastrium & form omental bursa
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| Structure located WITHIN the lateral umbilical folds | Inferior epigastric vessels
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| T or F : _______ at birth the tracheal bifurcation lies at T4 | TRUE
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| T or F: _______ ectopic lung lobes arise from the trachea or esophagus. | TRUE
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| The anterior recesses of the ischiorectal fossa are located between (superiorly and inferiorly) what two structures? | Superior - levator ani m.; Inferior - deep perineal space
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| The trachea develops from: a. endoderm b. ectoderm c. mesoderm d. ectoderm AND endoderm e. endoderm AND mesoderm f. ectoderm AND mesoderm | Endoderm and Mesoderm
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| True or False a) at birth the tracheal bifurcation lies at T4 | a) T
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| True or False b) the oronasal membrane lies just behind the secondary palate | b) F
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| True or False c) endoderm forms the epithelium of the paranasal sinuses | c) F
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| True or False d) ectopic lung lobes arise from the trachea or esophagus | d) T
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| True or False e) surfactant is produced at seven months of fetal development | e) T
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| True or False f) primitive choanae are located behind the primary palate | f) T
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| Using (only) the terms REGRESSES and PERSISTS, give the fate of right and left proximal and distal segments (distal = that part toward the placenta) of the umbilical veins. | Proximal left- regresses; Proximal right- regresses; Distal left- persists, Distal right- regresses
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| What embryonic component of the ‘bell’ stage of tooth development gives rise to: BE SPECIFIC and COMPLETE! a.) the cells that form the pulp- b). dentin (odontoblasts)- | a. inner mesenchyme of dental papilla b. outer mesenchyme of dental papilla
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| What lymphatic sacs may be responsible for :a) deep cervical nodes- b) lumbar nodes- | a) Jugular sacs b) Retroperitoneal sacs
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| What specific embryonic vessels (give right of left if needed) form: a. hepatic veins- b. left brachiocephalic vein- c. renal segment of the inferior vena cava- | a) R vitelline b) oblique anastomosis c) R sub-supracardinal anastomosis
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| What specific embryonic vessels (give right of left if needed) form: d. superior vena cava- e. hemiazygos, accessory hemiazygos and most of azygos- | d) R common cardinal & R precardinal to oblique anastamosis e) supracardinal v.
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| What specific embryonic vessels (give right or left if necessary) give rise to: a) hepatic sinusoids b) suprarenal veins | a) vitelline vv. b) subcardinal vv.
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| What specific embryonic vessels (give right or left if necessary) give rise to: a) oblique vein of Marshall b) gonadal veins c) internal jugular vein d) distal left renal vein | a) left common cardinal b) subcardinal vv c) cranial part of the R & L precardinal vv d) L sub-supracardinal anastomosis
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| What specific embryonic vessels (give right or left if necessary) give rise to: a) right renal vein b) proximal left renal vein | a) intersubcardinal anastamosis b) intersubcardinal anasatmosis
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| Which ONE of the following statements is FALSE? a. only about 1/6 of the adult alveoli are present at birth | TRUE
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| Which ONE of the following statements is FALSE? c. surfactant is produced at 7 months of fetal development | TRUE
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| Which ONE of the following statements is FALSE? a. the PRIMITIVE choanae are located behind the primary palate b. paranasal sinuses are formed when bones are excavated c. surfactant is produced at 7 months of fetal development | a. the PRIMITIVE choanae are located behind the primary palate - T b. paranasal sinuses are formed when bones are excavated - T c. surfactant is produced at 7 months of fetal development - T
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| Which ONE of the following statements is FALSE? b. the laryngotracheal groove develops from the pharynx during the 4th week of development | TRUE
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| Which is FALSE? d. in tracheoesophageal fistula, rarely do both the proximal and distal parts of the esophagus open into the trachea e. by the time the lung reaches adult maturity, a total of 17 generations of subdivisions form the bronchial tree | d. T e.
F - (should be 23)
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| Which ONE of the following statements is FALSE? d. endoderm gives rise to the epithelium, but not connective tissue of the larynx, bronchi, and lungs | TRUE
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| Which ONE of the following statements is FALSE? e. in tracheoesophageal fistula, there is usually an additional fibrous cord attached to the larynx | FALSE
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