trophic levels, pyramids, tropical rain forests
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Major trophic levels | producers (plants) - primary consumer (eat plants) - secondary consumer (eat primary consumers) - tertiary consumer (eat secondary consumers)
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| shows who eats who, ocean food webs more complex then terrestrial ones, food chain is a simplified version | food web
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| Energy flow in food web | only 10% of the usable energy is transferred (most lost as heat)
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| shows the amount of biomass at levels within an ecosystem | biomass pyramid
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| shows the number of organisms at levels within an ecosystem | numeric pyramid
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| amount of biomass produced per unit time, most productive systems on earth include coral reefs, tropical rainforests, estuaries, marshes; least productive include tundra, desert, open ocean | productivity
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| total amount of energy produced by autotrophs | gross pyramid production
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| gross primary production minus energy used by plants themselves, this is the amount available to primary consumers | net primary production
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| place where an organism lives | habitat
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| role an organism plays within its environment, who it interacts with, etc. | Niche
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| behavior where animals defend an area containing resources | territoriality
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| no two species can occupy the same niche | competitive exclusion principle
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| tropical rainforest characteristics | shallow, nutrient poor soils (most nutrients tied up in biomass – trees, etc), being rapidly destroyed
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| reasons for tropical rainforest destruction | logging, cattle ranching, farming, mining (building roads into forests speeds their decline)
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| Reasons to preserve tropical rainforests | intrinsic value (value in its own right, right to live principle), potential source of medicines, role in climate regulation, economic value
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| solutions to preserve tropical rainforests | ecotourism, give local people a stake in preservation
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| method used to clear tropical forests, cut trees, then burn | Slash and burn agriculture
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| epiphytes | generally plants which get their nutrients from the air and grow on trees but are not parasitic
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