Ecosystems Vocabulary Study Guide
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| photosynthesis | process by which green plants and blue-green algae, in the presence of light, make food out of carbon dioxide and water
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| consumer | consumer an organism in a community that must eat to get the energy it needs because it cannot make its own food
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| food chain | the ways in which the organisms in an ecosystem interact with one another according to what they eat
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| aquatic | living in water
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| population | all the individuals of the same kind living in the same environment
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| pollution | waste products that damage an ecosystem
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| water pollution | conditions that exist when harmful materials have entered the water and made it harmful to organisms
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| terrestrial | of or related to the land
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| producer | an organism that makes its own food (through photosynthesis)
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| scavenger | an organism that eats dead or decaying matter
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| organism | a living thing
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| ecosystem | a community and its physical environment together
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| individual | a single organism in an environment
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| pollutant | anything that spreads harmful or unpleasant substances into the air, water, or ground
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| ecology | the science concerned with the relationships among living things and their environment
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| respiration | the process by which an organism takes in and processes oxygen and releases carbon dioxide
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| community | all the populations of organisms living together in an environment
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| habitat | a place in an ecosystem where a population lives
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| decomposer | consumer that breaks down the tissues of dead organisms
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| fossil fuel | a fuel formed from the remains of once-living organisms
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| food web | shows the interactions among many different food chains in a single ecosystem
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| acid rain | precipitation resulting from pollution condensing into clouds and falling to Earth
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| environment | everything that surrounds an organism and influences it
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| decay | the process where bacteria and other decomposers break down dead things
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| biome | large ecosystem with its own climate, soil, plants and animals--found in different parts of the world (six major ones)
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| adapt | change; to change in order to fit a new situation or use
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| niche | the role each population has in its habitat
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| herbivore | an animal that eats only plants
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| carnivore | an animal that eats meat (other animals)
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| omnivore | an organism that eats both plants and meat
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| tropical rain forest | warm all year, very wet (rains almost every day); has a wide variety of plant and animal species; found near the equator
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| tundra | long cold winters, short cool summers; little precipitation (dry); treeless; found in polar regions; little variety of plant and animal life
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| desert | can be hot or cold (depending on location); very dry
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| temperate forest | moderate temperature and rainfall; four different seasons of weather; also called deciduous forest
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| taiga | long, cold winters, and short, mild, wet summers; may also called coniferous forest
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| grasslands | hot summers, cold winters; light precipitation; may also be called prairies; mostly grasses grow with few trees
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