7th grade science knowledge map
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What are the three types of global winds? | trade winds, the westerlies, and the polar winds.
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| Prevailing winds blow from 30 degrees toward the equator. | trade winds
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| Prevailing winds that blow from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere between 30 and 60 degrees | westerlies
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| Prevailing winds that blow from the northeast in the Arctic | polar easterlies
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| High speed winds near the top of the troposphere in a narrow belt are known as | the Jet Stream.
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| Maritime air mass forms over | water
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| Continental air mass forms over | land
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| Across North America, warm air masses generally move | north and northeastward.
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| Across North America, cold air masses move | south and southeastward.
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| narrow zone of transition between air masses that differ in temperature or humidity. | front
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| the leading edge of an advancing cold air mass forces itself under and pushes up a retreating warm air mass. | cold front
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| Since cold fronts move fast they often result in | in severe weather.
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| When a warm air mass rises over top of a cold air mass a ________ front is formed | warm front
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| front that occurs when when a warm and cold air mass collides and there is not enough energy for movement | stationary front
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| two cold air masses force a warm air mass up. (a warm front and cold front collide) | occluded front
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| high altitude, wispy clouds made of ice crystals. | cirrus
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| low, flat layered grey clouds that often bring a drizzle. | stratus
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| thick, puffy white clouds with flat bottoms. | cumulus
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| dark towering cumulus clouds that bring lightening and heavy rain. | cumulonimbus
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| A thermometer measures | temperature
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| An anemometer measures | wind speed.
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| A rain gauge measures | rainfall.
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| second layer of the atmosphere, contains the ozone layer | Stratosphere
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| third layer of the atmosphere. | Mesosphere
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| It is the coldest layer of the atmosphere. | mesosphere
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| highest, hottest and largest layer | Thermosphere
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| ________________contains the exosphere which is the outer most reaches of the atmosphere | thermosphere
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| is a shift in the winds caused by a rotation in the earth. | Coriolis Effect
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| Local winds are caused by geographical features such as | a mountain, lake or an ocean.
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| High speed winds near the top of the troposphere in a narrow belt are known as | the Jet Stream.
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| measures rainfall. | rain gauge
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| group of the same species that lives in an area at the same time. | population
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| characteristics of an ecosystem that determine how large a population can get. | Limiting factors
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| The largest size a particular population that can be supported by a particular environment is the environment’s | carrying capacity.
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| close long term association between two or more species. | Symbiosis
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| symbiotic realtionship where both organisms benefit. | Mutualism
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| symbiotic realtionship where one benefits and the other is unharmed. | Commensialism
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| where one organism benefits while the other is harmed or killed. | Parasitism
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| group of animal and plant populations living together in the same environment. | community
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| Changes in communities occur over time in a process called | ecological succession.
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| a series of slow, predictable changes in the number and kinds of organisms in an area. | Succession
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| succession when organisms begin to inhabit an area that had no life or soil. | Primary
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| succession an existing community suffers a major disruption but soil is present. | Secondary
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| is the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment. | Ecology
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| is made up of a community and its abiotic (non-living or physical) environment. | ecosystem
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| word that means it is non-living. | abiotic
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| examples of abiotic factors | climate, soil, water, air, nutrients, and energy.
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| examples of biotic factors | living substance. Plants, animals, fungus, bacteria, etc.
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| The_____ is the ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems. | sun
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| organisms that make food by the process of photosynthesis. | Producers
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| Most producers are | green plants and algea.
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| Examples of primary consumer | plant-eating animals.
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| Examples of secondary consumers | predators, eat animals.
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| organisms that break down dead plants and animals into simple nutrients. | Decomposers
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| The model that shows ONE series of energy changes goes through as it is passed from one organism to another is called a | food chain
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| A _________is overlapping networks of food chains. | food web
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| The energy pyramid is a model that shows | how much energy passes through organisms
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| The model that shows that as consumer energy needs increase populations decrease is an ecosystem | energy pyramid
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| when water falls to earth in any form: rain, snow, hail, or sleet. | Precipitation
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| water vapor cools and changes back into liquid droplets, forming clouds. | Condensation
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| when liquid water changes into a gaseous form called water vapor. | Evaporation
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| when water vapor is released through opening in the plant’s leaves called stomata | Transpiration
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| when water, usually from precipitation, flows across the land and collects in rivers, streams then eventually lakes and oceans. | Run-off
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| The energy for the water cycle comes from | the sun.
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| Photosynthesis is the only process in the carbon cycle when carbon is | taken out of the environment.
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| In photosynthesis plants use carbon dioxide and water to make | their own food and release oxygen.
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| Organisms use the food and oxygen, created during photosynthesis, for energy | Respiration
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| Organic material is burned and carbon dioxide and monoxide are released. | Combustion
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| Nitrogen (cannot/can) be used by plants in its natural form | CANNOT.
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| Nitrogen is fixed by | bacteria in the soil and lightning
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| making wise choices with the resources we have | Conservation
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| methods include reducing how much we use, reusing resources when possible and recycling products so the resources are still available to us. | Conservation
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| everything not made by humans that can be used by organisms. | Natural resources
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| can be replaced relatively quickly such as trees and water. | Renewable resources
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| Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are from | the remains of once living organisms.
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| Obtaining and using fossil fuels can cause many environmental problems such as | global warming, water pollution acid rain and smog.
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| Most people use fossil fuels because | often cheaper or more convenient
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| Burning fossil fuels puts large amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which may | increase greenhouse effect creating global warming
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| Alternative energy sources are being developed to help minimize problems from fossil fuels such as | using the sun, wind, moving water,and the heat of the earth
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| the amount of matter that makes up an object. | Mass
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| Unit mass is measured in | grams
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| the force of gravity acting on the mass of an object. | Weight
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| Weight is measured in what metric unit? | Newtons.
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| the amount of space occupied by an object. | Volume
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| liquid volume is measured with | a graduated cylinder using liters.
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| substances that take the shape of their container, liquids and gases are______ | Fluids
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| an upward force produced by fluids. | Buoyancy
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| The greater the density of the fluid, | the greater the buoyant force.
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| Archimedes’ principle states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to | the weight of the fluid the object displaces.
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| If the object displaces its own weight of the fluid it is in it | will float.
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| the mass of an object compared to its volume. | Density
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| What is measured in grams per milliliter? | Density
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| Objects with a density greater than the fluid it is in will (float or sink)? | sink
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| something that allows a body to do work. | Energy
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| Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it changes form is the law of | law of conservation of energy
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| resistance of a body to a change in its state of motion. | Inertia
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| the energy of motion | Kinetic Energy
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| stored energy due to position (gravitational) or changing shape (spring or bow). | Potential Energy
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| push or pull on an object that will change its state of motion. | force
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| Speed is calculated by | (S= Distance ÷ Time)
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| a force that works against a moving object. | Friction
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| Before starting a lab or activity | study the procedure.
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| What accident or injury should be reported? | any
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| the predicted answer to a scientific question. | hypothesis
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| In a controlled experiment _______ variable(s) should be tested at a time. | 1
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| a simple representation for something complex. | model
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| Factor in the experiment that is purposely changed to test a hypothesis. | independent varialble
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| Factor that may be affected by the one you are testing | dependent variable
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| A(n) ____________is factual information gathered with any of the five senses. | observation
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| _________ is a conclusion made from observations | inference
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| A _______ observation can be measured or counted | quantitative
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| a _______ observation describes qualities (i.e. color, texture, smell etc.) | qualitative
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| a tool to classify organisms or other specimens by characteristics | dichotomous key
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| mass of an object compared to its volume | density
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