Respiratory System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Inspection | Visualize external surface of the body
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| Auscultation | Listening for sounds within the body
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| Palpitation | Pounding or racing of the heart with normal response
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| Percussion | Use of fingertips to tap body
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| Adenoids | Masses of lymphatic tissue located near the opening of the nasal cavity
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| Alveoli | Air cells of the lungs
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| Apex of the lung | Upper portion of lung
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| Base of the lung | Lowest part of lung
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| Bronchi | 2 main branches leading from trachea to the lungs, providing passageway for air movement
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| Bronchiole | One of the smallest subdicisions of the bronchiole tubes
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| Diaphragm | The musculomembranous wall separating abdomen from the thoracic cavity
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| Epiglottis | Thin leaf-shaped structure located immediately posterior to the root of the tongue
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| Larynx | The enlarged upper end of the trachea, below the root of the tongue
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| Nares | External nostrils
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| Nasopharynx | Part of the pharynx located above the soft palate
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| Paranasal Sinuses | Hollow areas or cavities within the skull that communicate with the nasal cavity
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| Pharynx | Tubular structure or passageway for air
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| Pleura | Double folded membrane that lines the thoracic cavity
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| Thorax | chest
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| Trachea | Cylinder shaped tube lined with rings of cartilage that is long, from the larynx to the brachial tubes
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| Visceral Pleura | Portion of the pleura that is closest to the internal organs
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| Apnea | Without breathing
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| Bradypnea | Slow breathing
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| Cough | Forceful and sometimes violent expirating effort preceded by a preliminary inspiration
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| Dysphonia | Difficult speaking
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| Dyspnea | Difficult breathing
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| Epistaxis | Hemorrhage from the nose (nosebleed)
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| Expectoration | Spitting out saliva or coughing up materials from the air passageways leading to the lungs
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| Hemoptysis | Expectoration of blood arising from the oral cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, or lungs
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| Kussmaul Respirations | Very deep gasping type of respiration associated with severe diabetic acidosis
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| Orthopnea | Abnormal condition in which a person sits up straight or stands up to breath comfortably
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| Rales | An abnormal sounds heard on auscultation of the chest
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| Rhinorrhea | Thin, watery discharge from the nose
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| Rhonci | Rales or rattling in the throat
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| Sneeze | To expel air forcibly through the nose and mouth by spasmodic contraction of muscles of expiration due to irritation of nasal mucosa
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| Stridor | Harsh sound during respiration; high pitched and resembling the blowing of wind, due to obstruction of air passages
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| Tachypnea | Rapid breathing
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| Wheeze | A whistling sound or sighing sound resulting from narrowing of the lumen of a respiratory passageway
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| Coryza | Inflammation of respiratory mucous membranes (common cold)
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| Croup | A childhood disease characterized by a barking cough, hoarseness, tachypnea, inspiratory, stridor, and laryngeal spasm
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| Laryngitis | Inflammation of the larynx (resulting in dysphonia, cough, and difficulty swallowing)
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| Pertussis | An acute upper respiratory infectious disease, caused by the bacterium Bordetella Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
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| Pharyngitis | Inflammation of the pharynx, usually resulting in sore throat
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| Rhinitis | Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose
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| Sinusitis | Inflammaation of a sinus
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| Tonsillitis | Inflammation of the palatine tonsils
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| Asthma | Paroxysmal dyspnea accompanied by wheezing caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes or by swelling of their mucous membrane
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| Bronchitis | Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes. (often preceded by common cold)
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| Bronchogenic Carcinoma | A malignant lung tumor that originates in the bronchi (lung cancer)
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| Emphysema | A chronic pulmonary disease characterized by increase beyond the normal in size of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchiole, either from dilation of the alveoli or from destruction of their walls
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| Empyema | Pus in a body cavity, usually the result of a primary infection in the lungs
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| Pleuritis/Pleurisy | Inflammation of both the visceral and parietal pleura
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| Pneumonia | Inflammation of the lungs caused primarily by bacteria, viruses, and chemical irritants
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| Pneumothorax | A collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity. The air enters as the result of a perforation through the chest wall or the pleura covering the lung, causing the lung to collapse
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| Pulmonary Edema | Swelling of the lungs caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs, either in the alveoli or the interstitial spaces
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| Pulmonary Embolism | The obstruction of one or more pulmonary arteries by a thrombus that dislodges from another location and is carried through the venous system to the vessels of the lung
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| Pulmonary Heart Disease/Cor Pulmonale | Hypertrophy of the right ventricle of the heart resulting from disorders of the lungs, pulmonary vessels, or chest wall
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| Tuberculosis | An infectious disease characterized by inflammatory infiltrations, formation of tubercles, and caseous necrosis in the tissues of the lungs
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| Anthracosis | Accumulation of carbon deposits in the lungs due to breathing smoke or coal dust
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| Asbestosis | Lung disease resulting from inhalation of asbestos particles
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| Byssinosis | Lung disease resulting from inhalation of cotton, flax, and hemp
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| Silicosis | Lung disease resulting from inhalation of silica dust, characterized by formation of small nodules
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| Bronchoscopy | Examination of interior of the bronchi using a lighted, flexible tube known as a bronchoscope
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| Chest X-ray | The use of high-energy electromagnetic waves passing through the body onto a photographic film, to produce a picture of the internal structures of the body for diagnosis and therapy
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| Laryngoscopy | Examination of the interior of the larynx using a lighted, flexible tube known as a laryngoscope
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| Pulmonary Function Tests | Physicians use this variety of tests to assess respiratory function
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| Thoracocentesis | Involves the use of a needle to collect pleural fluid for laboratory analysis, or to remove excess pleural fluid or air from the pleural space
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