Sociology, Social Structure
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| Status | Generally one’s position or location in a group or social structure
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| Family Status | mother, father, child, grandparent
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| Occupational Status | lawyer, physician, firefighter, computer programmer
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| Achieved Status | A status earned by the individual through his or her own efforts, achievement, or choice. (ex. occupation, education, income, -- )
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| Ascribed Status | A status that is bestowed upon an individual, regardless of his or her efforts or wishes (Ex. race, age, gender, and ethnicity, appearance, group)
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| Status Symbol | Visible clues to an individuals status ; for example a police officers badge, wedding rings
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| Role | The sum of expectations about the behavior of people who occupy a particular status
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| Role Strain | the stress or tension that may arise from the performance of a role
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| Status inconsistency | occurs when an individual’s ascribed and achieved statuses are deemed (by others) to be inconsistent
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| Role Conflict | the demands of the many roles assigned clash
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| Master Status | the status that other deem most telling about an individual; acts as a filter through which the individual’s actions are judged
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| Group Social | two or more individuals who regularly interact with one another, share goals and a sense of identity
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| Primary Group | term coined by C. H. Cooley to refer to small, intimate group in which relationships tend to be Gemeinschaft
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| Secondary Group | Non-intimate group of people whose relationships tend to be Gesellschaft
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| Formal Organization | Group created and formally organized to achieve some specific goal or set of goals
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| Ideal Types | a methodological strategy made famous by Max Weber. An ideal type is an “analytic construct” (it exists only in the abstract)
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| Bureaucracy | a type of formal organization that is characterized by distinct lines of authority, a hierarchy of positions, record keeping, rules against nepotism, and so forth
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| Iron cage of Bureaucracy | Term used by Weber to refer to situations in which people in organizations became so wrapped up in following rules and procedures that they forget why they work so hard
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| Goal Displacement | when the process becomes more important than the outcome
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