Drugs
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tacrine | AchE inhibitor | treats alzheimers | too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give atropine
🗑
|
||||||||
| echothiophate | AchE inhibitor. organophosphate - irreversible | treats glaucoma | too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give pralidoxime (2-PAM) to cure & atropine to help
🗑
|
||||||||
| isoflurophate | AchE inhibitor. organophosphate - irreversible | treats glaucoma | too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give pralidoxime (2-PAM) to cure & atropine to help
🗑
|
||||||||
| malathion | AchE inhibitor. organophosphate - irreversible | insecticide | too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give pralidoxime (2-PAM) to cure & atropine to help
🗑
|
||||||||
| parathion | AchE inhibitor. organophosphate - irreversible | insecticide | too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give pralidoxime (2-PAM) to cure & atropine to help
🗑
|
||||||||
| sarin | AchE inhibitor. organophosphate - irreversible | nerve gas in war | too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give pralidoxime (2-PAM) to cure & atropine to help
🗑
|
||||||||
| physostigmine | AchE inhibitor. carbamate - reversible | treats glaucoma and bowel atony. Antidote for OD on atropine, phenothiazine, & TCAs. | cataracts & too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give pralidoxime (2-PAM) to cure & atropine to help
🗑
|
||||||||
| neostigmine | AchE inhibitor. carbamate - reversible | treats ileus, pee retention, & myasthenia gravis. Reverses nondepolarizing Nm blockers (ex: tubocurarine) | too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give pralidoxime (2-PAM) to cure & atropine to help
🗑
|
||||||||
| pyridostigmine | AchE inhibitor. carbamate - reversible | treats ileus, pee retention, & myasthenia gravis. Reverses nondepolarizing Nm blockers (ex: tubocurarine) | too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give pralidoxime (2-PAM) to cure & atropine to help
🗑
|
||||||||
| acetylcholine | Muscarinic agonist | M & N receptors. No clinical use since broken down in blood. | leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give atropine
🗑
|
||||||||
| carbachol | Muscarinic agonist | treats glaucoma. Used to cause miosis during eye surgery. | leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give atropine
🗑
|
||||||||
| bethanechol | Muscarinic agonist | treats ileus & pee retention | leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give atropine
🗑
|
||||||||
| methacholine | Muscarinic agonist | asthma challenge test. Will cause bronchoconstriction | leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give atropine
🗑
|
||||||||
| pilocarpine | Muscarinic agonist | treats glaucoma topically or xerostomia (dry mouth) | can cross BBB -> hallucinate & seizure. leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give atropine
🗑
|
||||||||
| atropine | Muscarinic blocker - reversible nonselective | belladona plant. treats brady, GI spasms/diarrhea, excessive secretion, cystitis, and toxic levels of Ach/mushroom poisoning | dry as a bone, blind as a bat (mydriasis+cycloplegia), red as a beet (tachy+hypertherm+vasodil), mad as a hatter, sedation, pee+poo retention. Will cause acute crisis in narrow angle glaucoma. If OD give physostigmine
🗑
|
||||||||
| scopolamine | Muscarinic blocker - nonselective | belladona plant. Treats motion sickness. | dry as a bone, blind as a bat (mydriasis+cycloplegia), red as a beet (tachy+hypertherm+vasodil), mad as a hatter, sedation, pee+poo retention. Will cause acute crisis in narrow angle glaucoma. If OD give physostigmine
🗑
|
||||||||
| tropicamide | Muscarinic blocker | topical used in ophthalmology to dilate eye | dry as a bone, blind as a bat (mydriasis+cycloplegia), red as a beet (tachy+hypertherm+vasodil), mad as a hatter, sedation, pee+poo retention. Will cause acute crisis in narrow angle glaucoma.
🗑
|
||||||||
| ipratropium | Muscarinic blocker | inhale to treat asthma/COPD | dry as a bone, blind as a bat (mydriasis+cycloplegia), red as a beet (tachy+hypertherm+vasodil), mad as a hatter, sedation, pee+poo retention. Will cause acute crisis in narrow angle glaucoma. If OD give physostigmine
🗑
|
||||||||
| benztropine | Muscarinic blocker | treats parkinsons and symptoms from antipsychotics | dry as a bone, blind as a bat (mydriasis+cycloplegia), red as a beet (tachy+hypertherm+vasodil), mad as a hatter, sedation, pee+poo retention. Will cause acute crisis in narrow angle glaucoma. If OD give physostigmine
🗑
|
||||||||
| trihexyphenidyl | Muscarinic blocker | treats parkinsons and symptoms of antipsychotics | dry as a bone, blind as a bat (mydriasis+cycloplegia), red as a beet (tachy+hypertherm+vasodil), mad as a hatter, sedation, pee+poo retention. Will cause acute crisis in narrow angle glaucoma. If OD give physostigmine
🗑
|
||||||||
| meperidine | Muscarinic blocker | dry as a bone, blind as a bat (mydriasis+cycloplegia), red as a beet (tachy+hypertherm+vasodil), mad as a hatter, sedation, pee+poo retention. Will cause acute crisis in narrow angle glaucoma. If OD give physostigmine
🗑
|
|||||||||
| amantadine | Muscarinic blocker | dry as a bone, blind as a bat (mydriasis+cycloplegia), red as a beet (tachy+hypertherm+vasodil), mad as a hatter, sedation, pee+poo retention. Will cause acute crisis in narrow angle glaucoma. If OD give physostigmine
🗑
|
|||||||||
| quinidine | Muscarinic blocker | dry as a bone, blind as a bat (mydriasis+cycloplegia), red as a beet (tachy+hypertherm+vasodil), mad as a hatter, sedation, pee+poo retention. Will cause acute crisis in narrow angle glaucoma. If OD give physostigmine
🗑
|
|||||||||
| succinylcholine | Neuromuscular blocker/skel M relaxer (nicotinic Nm receptor) | opens Na channels depolarizing the membrane - fasciculations then flaccid paralysis. Used with anesthesia IV. | bronchoconstriction, dec bp, resp paralysis, all reversible w/ AchE inhibitors. Beware mutations in Ryr or pseudocholinesterase leading to hyperkalemia & malignant hyperthermia. (Treat with dantrolene to block Ca from leaving SR).
🗑
|
||||||||
| tubocurarine | Neuromuscular blocker/skel M relaxer (nicotinic Nm receptor) | competes w/ Ach but does not depolarize the M. Used with anesthesia IV - 1st eyes & face, last resp Ms. | bronchoconstriction, dec bp, reversed by AchE inhibitors. Beware mutations in Ryr or pseudocholinesterase leading to hyperkalemia & malignant hyperthermia. (Treat with dantrolene to block Ca from leaving SR).
🗑
|
||||||||
| pancuronium | Neuromuscular blocker/skel M relaxer (nicotinic Nm receptor) | competes w/ Ach but does not depolarize the M. Used with anesthesia IV - 1st eyes & face, last resp Ms. Longer than tubocurarine. | bronchoconstriction, dec bp, reversed by AchE inhibitors. Beware mutations in Ryr or pseudocholinesterase leading to hyperkalemia & malignant hyperthermia. (Treat with dantrolene to block Ca from leaving SR).
🗑
|
||||||||
| atracurium | Neuromuscular blocker/skel M relaxer (nicotinic Nm receptor) | competes w/ Ach but does not depolarize the M. Used with anesthesia IV - 1st eyes & face, last resp Ms. | converted to laudanosine which can cause seizures. Bronchoconstriction, dec bp
🗑
|
||||||||
| mivacurium | Neuromuscular blocker/skel M relaxer (nicotinic Nm receptor) | competes w/ Ach but does not depolarize the M. Used with anesthesia IV - 1st eyes & face, last resp Ms. | Bronchoconstriction, dec bp
🗑
|
||||||||
| nicotine | Nicotinic blocker | competes with Ach. 1st stimulates then blocks by persistent depolarization. Treats HTN emergency | block dominant ANS = tachy, vasodil, mydriasis+cycloplegia, pee+poo retention, xerostomia, anhydrosis
🗑
|
||||||||
| hexamethonium | Nicotinic blocker | competes with Ach. Treats HTN emergency | block dominant ANS = tachy, vasodil, mydriasis+cycloplegia, pee+poo retention, xerostomia, anhydrosis
🗑
|
||||||||
| mecamylamine | Nicotinic blocker | competes with Ach. Treats HTN emergency | block dominant ANS = tachy, vasodil, mydriasis+cycloplegia, pee+poo retention, xerostomia, anhydrosis
🗑
|
||||||||
| trimethaphan | Nicotinic blocker | competes with Ach. Treats HTN emergency | block dominant ANS = tachy, vasodil, mydriasis+cycloplegia, pee+poo retention, xerostomia, anhydrosis
🗑
|
||||||||
| phenylephriene | α 1 agonist | vasoconstricts so inc bp & reflex brady. Treats nasal congestion, hypotension, paroxysmal atrial tachy (via vagal reflex), & used in eye exam to cause mydriasis w/out cycloplegia | rebound mucosal swelling & HTN headache
🗑
|
||||||||
| methoxamine | α 1 agonist | vasoconstricts so inc bp & reflex brady. Treats hypotension & paroxysmal atrial tachy (via vagal reflex) | HTN headache
🗑
|
||||||||
| clonidine | α 2 agonist | dec symp. Treats mild/mod HTN (wont affect kidney) & can help w/ w/drawal from benzos & opiates | sedation, orthostatic hypotension, sex dysfunc
🗑
|
||||||||
| methyldopa | α 2 agonist | dec symp. Treats mild/mod HTN (wont affect kidney) & can help w/ w/drawal from benzos & opiates | sedation, orthostatic hypotension, sex dysfunc
🗑
|
||||||||
| dobutamine | β agonist (β 1 >>> β 2) | inc HR. IV Treats CHF (forces heart to pump enough) | arrhythmias, angina, headache, HTN
🗑
|
||||||||
| isoproterenol | β agonist (β 1 = β 2) | IV Treats AV node block, brady, & bronchospasm | arrhythmias, angina, headache, flush
🗑
|
||||||||
| albuterol | β 2 agonist | inhaled - rapidly treats asthma/COPD | skel M tremors, hyperglycemia, arrhythmias, headache
🗑
|
||||||||
| salmeterol | β 2 agonist | inhaled - treats asthma/COPD but takes longer than albuterol | skel M tremors, hyperglycemia, arrhythmias, headache
🗑
|
||||||||
| terbutaline | β 2 agonist | IV/oral - treats asthma/COPD but takes longer than albuterol. Also treats preterm labor | skel M tremors, hyperglycemia, arrhythmias, headache
🗑
|
||||||||
| ritodrine | β 2 agonist | treats preterm labor | skel M tremors, hyperglycemia, arrhythmias, headache
🗑
|
||||||||
| epinephrine | agonist for: α 1 = α 2, β 1 = β 2, but β 2 > α 1 so low dose epi is β 2 only but high dose epi is β 2 & α 1 | Treats anaphylaxis by vasoconstricting & bronchodilating (could also help asthma attack). Helps local anesthetics/counters hemorrhage. Can't do orally due to rapid breakdown by COMT. Doesn't cross BBB | arrhythmias, HTN, headache, skel M tremor, pulmonary edema
🗑
|
||||||||
| norepinephrine | agonist for: α 1 = α 2, β 1 >>>>> β 2 | vasoconstriction, reflex brady, & inc heart contraction. Helps local anesthetics/counters hemorrhage. Last resort in shock. Can't do orally due to rapid breakdown by COMT. Doesn't cross BBB | arrhythmias, dec perfusion of kidneys & tissues
🗑
|
||||||||
| dopamine | D1 & D2 agonist at low dose (in renal bv), β1 & β2 at mid dose, α 1 at high dose | Treats acute renal failure by inc blood flow, treats shock & CHF by inc HR. Can't do orally due to rapid breakdown by COMT. Doesn't cross BBB | arrhythmias, tachy, HTN & dec renal perfusion at high dose
🗑
|
||||||||
| tyramine | indirect adrenergic receptor agonist | in red wine, beer, cheese, & chocolate. Incs norepi. Broken down by MAO. | If on MAO inhibitor beware HTN emergency
🗑
|
||||||||
| methylphenidate | amphetamine - indirect adrenergic receptor agonist | can cross BBB, releases stores of norepi & dopamine, & inc 5HT. Treats ADHD, narcolepsy, also vasoconstricts so inc bp. | psych and physical dependance, psychosis, confusion, insomnia, restless, tachy, arrhythmias, headache. Don't use w/ MAO inhibitor -> HTN emergency. If OD use chlorpromazine to block α helping HTN & CNS.
🗑
|
||||||||
| methamphetamine | amphetamine - indirect adrenergic receptor agonist | can cross BBB, releases stores of norepi & dopamine, & inc 5HT. Treats ADHD, narcolepsy, also vasoconstricts so inc bp. | psych and physical dependance, psychosis, confusion, insomnia, restless, tachy, arrhythmias, headache. Don't use w/ MAO inhibitor -> HTN emergency. If OD use chlorpromazine to block α helping HTN & CNS.
🗑
|
||||||||
| dextroamphetamine | amphetamine - indirect adrenergic receptor agonist | can cross BBB, releases stores of norepi & dopamine, & inc 5HT. Treats ADHD, narcolepsy, also vasoconstricts so inc bp. | psych and physical dependance, psychosis, confusion, insomnia, restless, tachy, arrhythmias, headache. Don't use w/ MAO inhibitor -> HTN emergency. If OD use chlorpromazine to block α helping HTN & CNS.
🗑
|
||||||||
| ephedrine | indirect adrenergic receptor agonist | releases stores of norepi, also direct agonist for α and β, vasoconstricts, treats nasal congestion, bronchospasm, hypotension | tachy, HTN, arrhythmias, insomnia, anxiety (β1 in CNS)
🗑
|
||||||||
| cocaine | indirect adrenergic receptor agonist |
🗑
|
|||||||||
| tricyclic antidepressants | indirect adrenergic receptor agonist |
🗑
|
|||||||||
| prazosin | α 1 blocker | dec bp by dec peripheral resistance. Treats HTN & BPH | reflex tachy, Na/H2O retention, dizzy, orthostatic hypotension, weak, headache, ejaculation probs, GI hypermotility
🗑
|
||||||||
| doxazosin | α 1 blocker | dec bp by dec peripheral resistance. Treats HTN & BPH | reflex tachy, Na/H2O retention, dizzy, orthostatic hypotension, weak, headache, ejaculation probs, GI hypermotility
🗑
|
||||||||
| terazosin | α 1 blocker | dec bp by dec peripheral resistance. Treats HTN & BPH | reflex tachy, Na/H2O retention, dizzy, orthostatic hypotension, weak, headache, ejaculation probs, GI hypermotility
🗑
|
||||||||
| tamsulosin | α 1 blocker | BPH only (specific for its subset of α 1 receptors) | orthostatic hypotension, ejaculation probs
🗑
|
||||||||
| mirtazapine | α 2 blocker (also inc 5HT & norepi release) | treats depression & anorexia | sedation, weight gain, inc blood cholesterol levels
🗑
|
||||||||
| yohimbine | α 2 blocker | treats orthostatic hypotension & erectile dysfunc |
🗑
|
||||||||
| phentolamine | nonselective α blocker | treats HTN due to pheochromocytoma short-term | reflex tachy, orthostatic hypotension, GI hypermotility
🗑
|
||||||||
| phenoxybenzamine | nonselective α blocker (IRREVERSIBLE) | treats HTN due to pheochromocytoma or spinal cord injury, BPH, & Raynaud's | reflex tachy, orthostatic hypotension, ejaculation probs
🗑
|
||||||||
| acebutolol | β 1 blocker | Treats HTN, MI, CHF, arrhythmias, ischemia, migraine, esophageal variceal bleeding (because dec HR, CO, stroke vol, renin release), open angle glaucoma (dec tear production), essential tremor, & helps w/ thyroid storms & pheochromocytoma (w/ an α blocker) | AV node block, brady, HF, hypotension, exercise intolerance, vasoconstrict, rebound HTN/tachy/angina (due to up regulation), bronchoconstrict, hypoglycemia in diabetics, insomnia, nightmares, depression
🗑
|
||||||||
| atenolol | β 1 blocker | Treats HTN, MI, CHF, arrhythmias, ischemia, migraine, esophageal variceal bleeding (because dec HR, CO, stroke vol, renin release), open angle glaucoma (dec tear production), essential tremor, & helps w/ thyroid storms & pheochromocytoma (w/ an α blocker) | AV node block, brady, HF, hypotension, exercise intolerance, vasoconstrict, rebound HTN/tachy/angina (due to up regulation), bronchoconstrict, hypoglycemia in diabetics, insomnia, nightmares, depression
🗑
|
||||||||
| metoprolol | β 1 blocker | Treats HTN, MI, CHF, arrhythmias, ischemia, migraine, esophageal variceal bleeding (because dec HR, CO, stroke vol, renin release), open angle glaucoma (dec tear production), essential tremor, & helps w/ thyroid storms & pheochromocytoma (w/ an α blocker) | AV node block, brady, HF, hypotension, exercise intolerance, vasoconstrict, rebound HTN/tachy/angina (due to up regulation), bronchoconstrict, hypoglycemia in diabetics, insomnia, nightmares, depression
🗑
|
||||||||
| esmolol | β 1 blocker - IV short acting | Treats HTN, MI, CHF, arrhythmias, ischemia, migraine, esophageal variceal bleeding (because dec HR, CO, stroke vol, renin release), open angle glaucoma (dec tear production), essential tremor, & helps w/ thyroid storms & pheochromocytoma (w/ an α blocker) | AV node block, brady, HF, hypotension, exercise intolerance, vasoconstrict, rebound HTN/tachy/angina (due to up regulation), bronchoconstrict, hypoglycemia in diabetics, insomnia, nightmares, depression
🗑
|
||||||||
| propranolol | nonselective β blocker | treats migraine, HTN, arrhythmia, tachy, performance anxiety, essential tremor, & thyroid storm because it causes bronchoconstrict, vasoconstrict, dec bp, CO, HR, blocks glycogenolysis/gluconeogenesis, & inc LDL/TG (dec HDL) | think it out
🗑
|
||||||||
| timolol | nonselective β blocker | treats glaucoma by dec aqueous humor, migraine, HTN, arrhythmia, tachy, performance anxiety, essential tremor, & thyroid storm because it causes bronchoconstrict, vasoconstrict, dec bp, CO, HR, blocks glycogenolysis/gluconeogenesis, & inc LDL/TG (dec HDL) | think it out
🗑
|
||||||||
| pindolol | nonselective β blocker |
🗑
|
|||||||||
| nadolol | nonselective β blocker |
🗑
|
|||||||||
| note for all β blockers | names: β 1 selective = levobet B.E.A.M. | treats angina, HTN, post-MI, & arrhythmias | if OD use glucagon to inc HR via receptors G-protein linked to adenylyl cyclase. Beware rebound if stop drug due to up-regulation & beware lack of warning signs in hypoglycemia
🗑
|
||||||||
| sotalol | K channel + β blocker | treats arrhythmias | look up later
🗑
|
||||||||
| labetolol | α 1 + β blocker | treats CHF, HTN, A. fib | orthostatic hypotension, dizzy, don't use in acute CHF or when not hemodynamically stable
🗑
|
||||||||
| carvedilol | α 1 + β blocker | treats CHF, HTN | orthostatic hypotension, dizzy, don't use in acute CHF or when not hemodynamically stable
🗑
|
||||||||
| haloperidol | #1 typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | Most potent - blocks dopamine receptors so deal w/ + symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis. Also treats Tourette's & Huntington's. If OD use benztropine/trihexyphenidyl or diphenhydramine or dantrolene depending on symptoms | inc risk extrapyramidal SE (akinesia, tremors, akathisia, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA) but less anticholinergic SE (dry as a bone, blind as a bat, red as a beet, mad as a hatter). Also causes inc prolactin (so sex dysfunc), inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs
🗑
|
||||||||
| thiothixene | typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | More potent - blocks dopamine receptors so deal w/ + symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis. If OD use benztropine/trihexyphenidyl or diphenhydramine or dantrolene depending on symptoms | inc risk extrapyramidal SE (akinesia, tremors, akathisia, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA) but less anticholinergic SE (dry as a bone, blind as a bat, red as a beet, mad as a hatter). Also causes inc prolactin (so sex dysfunc), inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs
🗑
|
||||||||
| fluphenazine | typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | More potent - blocks dopamine receptors so deal w/ + symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis & mania. Injection so dec freq of dosing or noncompliant. If OD use benztropine/trihexyphenidyl or diphenhydramine or dantrolene depending on symptoms | inc risk extrapyramidal SE (akinesia, tremors, akathisia, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA) but less anticholinergic SE (dry as a bone, blind as a bat, red as a beet, mad as a hatter). Also causes inc prolactin (so sex dysfunc), inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs
🗑
|
||||||||
| thioridazine | typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | Less potent - blocks dopamine receptors so deal w/ + symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis. If OD use benztropine/trihexyphenidyl or diphenhydramine or dantrolene depending on symptoms | inc risk anticholinergic SE (dry as a bone, blind as a bat, red as a beet, mad as a hatter) but less extrapyramidal SE (akinesia, tremors, akathisia, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA). Also causes inc prolactin (so sex dysfunc), inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs
🗑
|
||||||||
| chlorpromazine | typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | Less potent - blocks dopamine receptors so deal w/ + symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis. If OD use benztropine/trihexyphenidyl or diphenhydramine or dantrolene depending on symptoms | inc risk anticholinergic SE (dry as a bone, blind as a bat, red as a beet, mad as a hatter) but less extrapyramidal SE (akinesia, tremors, akathisia, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA). Also causes inc prolactin (so sex dysfunc), inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs
🗑
|
||||||||
| loxapine | typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | Last resort - blocks dopamine receptors so deal w/ + symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis. If OD use benztropine/trihexyphenidyl or diphenhydramine or dantrolene depending on symptoms | inc risk extrapyramidal SE (akinesia, tremors, akathisia, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA) but less anticholinergic SE (dry as a bone, blind as a bat, red as a beet, mad as a hatter). Also causes inc prolactin (so sex dysfunc), inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs
🗑
|
||||||||
| olanzapine | #1 atypical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | blocks dopamine & serotonin receptors so deal w/ + & - symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis. | may develop diabetes but less SE than typicals (extrapyramidal, anticholinergic, sex dysfunc, inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs)
🗑
|
||||||||
| clozapine | atypical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | blocks dopamine & serotonin receptors so deal w/ + & - symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis. | seizures and agranulocytosis (so do weekly blood tests or could die) - so reserved for folks the other drugs don't help. less SE than typicals (extrapyramidal, anticholinergic, sex dysfunc, inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs)
🗑
|
||||||||
| risperidone | atypical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | blocks dopamine & serotonin receptors so deal w/ + & - symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis. | maybe stroke in elderly but less SE than typicals (extrapyramidal, anticholinergic, sex dysfunc, inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs). If OD use benztropine/trihexyphenidyl or diphenhydramine or dantrolene depending on symptoms
🗑
|
||||||||
| aripiprazole | atypical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | blocks dopamine & serotonin receptors (partial agonist for some 5HT) so deal w/ + & - symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis & mania & depression. | less SE than typicals (extrapyramidal, anticholinergic, sex dysfunc, inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs). If OD use benztropine/trihexyphenidyl or diphenhydramine or dantrolene depending on symptoms
🗑
|
||||||||
| quetiapine | atypical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | blocks dopamine & serotonin receptors so deal w/ + & - symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis & mania. | less SE than typicals (extrapyramidal, anticholinergic, sex dysfunc, inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs). If OD use benztropine/trihexyphenidyl or diphenhydramine or dantrolene depending on symptoms
🗑
|
||||||||
| ziprasidone | atypical antipsychotic/neuroleptic | blocks dopamine & serotonin receptors so deal w/ + & - symptoms in schizophrenia & psychosis & mania. IM for acute cases. | could die if elderly but less SE than typicals (extrapyramidal, anticholinergic, sex dysfunc, inc weight, sedation, dizzy & temp probs). If OD use benztropine/trihexyphenidyl or diphenhydramine or dantrolene depending on symptoms
🗑
|
||||||||
| phenelzine | MAO inhibitor | inc norepi, epi, & serotonin. Treats resistant/atypical depression & anxiety, hypochondriasis | beware tyramine in food, TCAs, levodopa, α and β agonists causing too much stimulation. HTN crisis: HTN, arrhythmia, hypertherm. TCAs, SSRIs, meperidine can cause serotonin syndrome. If OD use phentolamine to block αs or chlorpromazine (antipsychotic)
🗑
|
||||||||
| tranylcypromine | MAO inhibitor | inc norepi, epi, & serotonin. Treats resistant/atypical depression & anxiety, hypochondriasis | beware tyramine in food, TCAs, levodopa, α and β agonists causing too much stimulation. HTN crisis: HTN, arrhythmia, hypertherm. TCAs, SSRIs, meperidine can cause serotonin syndrome. If OD use phentolamine to block αs or chlorpromazine (antipsychotic)
🗑
|
||||||||
| serotonin syndrome -- neuroleptic malignant syndrome | because of MAO inhibitors, SSRIs, tyramine -- because of haloperidol, fluphenazine, thiothixene or other anitpsychotics | overstimulation | myoclonus/rigid, hypertherm, tremor/seizures, ANS instability/CV collapse. If emergency give cyproheptadine & will clear sys of the drug
🗑
|
||||||||
| amitriptyline | TCA | blocks serotonin & norepi reuptake. Treats depression, PTSD, phobia/anxiety & neuropathic pain | M & α blocked. fat soluble. Avoid MAO inhibitors. OD = coma, convulsions, arrhythmias.
🗑
|
||||||||
| imipramine | TCA | blocks serotonin & norepi reuptake. Treats depression, PTSD, phobia/anxiety, panic attacks, & enuresis (bed wetting) | M & α blocked. fat soluble. Avoid MAO inhibitors. OD = coma, convulsions, arrhythmias.
🗑
|
||||||||
| clomipramine | TCA | blocks serotonin & norepi reuptake. Treats depression, PTSD, phobia/anxiety & OCD | M & α blocked. fat soluble. Avoid MAO inhibitors. OD = coma, convulsions, arrhythmias.
🗑
|
||||||||
| doxepin | TCA | blocks serotonin & norepi reuptake. Treats depression, PTSD, phobia/anxiety | M & α blocked. fat soluble. Avoid MAO inhibitors. OD = coma, convulsions, arrhythmias.
🗑
|
||||||||
| nortriptyline | TCA | blocks serotonin & norepi reuptake. Treats depression, PTSD, phobia/anxiety | M & α blocked. fat soluble. Avoid MAO inhibitors. OD = coma, convulsions, arrhythmias.
🗑
|
||||||||
| amoxapine | TCA | blocks serotonin & norepi reuptake. Treats depression, PTSD, phobia/anxiety | M & α blocked. fat soluble. Avoid MAO inhibitors. OD = coma, convulsions, arrhythmias.
🗑
|
||||||||
| desipramine | TCA | blocks serotonin & norepi reuptake. Treats depression, PTSD, phobia/anxiety | M & α blocked. fat soluble. Avoid MAO inhibitors. OD = coma, convulsions, arrhythmias.
🗑
|
||||||||
| fluoxetine | SSRI | blocks serotonin reuptake. #1 for depression, PTSD, & OCD. Also used for bulimia, anxiety, & PMS. | anorgasmia, ANXIETY, weight loss, bruxism, inhibits P450. OD = serotonin syndrome.
🗑
|
||||||||
| paroxetine | SSRI | blocks serotonin reuptake. #1 for depression, PTSD, & OCD. Also used for bulimia, anxiety, & PMS. | anorgasmia, anxiety, weight loss, bruxism, SEDATION, inhibits P450. OD = serotonin syndrome.
🗑
|
||||||||
| sertraline | SSRI | blocks serotonin reuptake. #1 for depression, PTSD, & OCD. Also used for bulimia, anxiety, & PMS. | anorgasmia, anxiety, weight loss, bruxism, inhibits P450. OD = serotonin syndrome.
🗑
|
||||||||
| fluvoxamine | SSRI | blocks serotonin reuptake. #1 for depression, PTSD, & OCD. Also used for bulimia, anxiety, & PMS. | anorgasmia, anxiety, weight loss, bruxism, inhibits P450. OD = serotonin syndrome.
🗑
|
||||||||
| citalopram | SSRI | blocks serotonin reuptake. #1 for depression, PTSD, & OCD. Also used for bulimia, anxiety, & PMS. | anorgasmia, anxiety, weight loss, bruxism, inhibits P450. OD = serotonin syndrome.
🗑
|
||||||||
| escitalopram | SSRI | blocks serotonin reuptake. #1 for depression, PTSD, & OCD. Also used for bulimia, anxiety, & PMS. | anorgasmia, anxiety, weight loss, bruxism, inhibits P450. OD = serotonin syndrome.
🗑
|
||||||||
| buproprion | dopamine & norepi reuptake inhibitor | used for depression & smoking cessation | seizure
🗑
|
||||||||
| trazodone | blocks serotonin reuptake | used for depression & insomnia | arrhythmias & priapism (painful long erection)
🗑
|
||||||||
| venlafaxine | SNRI | blocks serotonin & norepi reuptake. Treats depression & anxiety | inc bp
🗑
|
||||||||
| duloxetine | SNRI | blocks serotonin & norepi reuptake. Treats depression & diabetic peripheral neuropathy | inc bp
🗑
|
||||||||
| atomoxetine | selective norepi reuptake inhibitor | treats ADHD | M & α blocked. fat soluble. Avoid MAO inhibitors. OD = coma, convulsions, arrhythmias.
🗑
|
||||||||
| lithium | dec inositol phosphate (PIP2/IP3) | treats bipolar disorder. Also migraines & chronic aggression | very low TI & teratogen (malform of tricuspid valve). Edema (so beware in HF), acne, hypothyroid, tremor, "flu", deadly seizures, coma, hard on kidneys (thiazides & loops will inc tox) nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (dec ADH receptors. fix w/ amiloride)
🗑
|
||||||||
| valproic acid | anticonvulsant | treats mania, rapid cycling bipolar, & impulse ctrl issues by inc GABA | regular blood work to monitor liver tox & agranulocytosis. Teratogen (neural tube defects), coma, & cardiac arrest
🗑
|
||||||||
| carbamazepine | anticonvulsant | treats mania, rapid cycling bipolar, & impulse ctrl issues by inc GABA | regular blood work to monitor liver tox & agranulocytosis. Rash is first warning sign of tox. Teratogen (cleft lip/palate), coma, & cardiac arrest.
🗑
|
||||||||
| gabapentin | anticonvulsant | GABA analog. treats mania/bipolar if preg | later
🗑
|
||||||||
| phenytoin | anticonvulsant | l
🗑
|
|||||||||
| ethosuximide | anticonvulsant | l
🗑
|
|||||||||
| lamotrigine | anticonvulsant | l
🗑
|
|||||||||
| felbamate | anticonvulsant | l
🗑
|
|||||||||
| topiramate | anticonvulsant | l
🗑
|
|||||||||
| vigabatrin | anticonvulsant | l
🗑
|
|||||||||
| phenobarbital | sedative/hypnotic - barbiturate & anticonvulsant | inc Cl influx DURATION through GABA to hyperpolarize cell. Treats preg woman w/ seizures | induce P450 so inc metabolism of fat soluble drugs ex:OCP. Porphyrias, sedation, anesthesia, resp depression, coma, die. Long term=tolerance, psych+phys dependance. Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
||||||||
| thiopental | sedative/hypnotic - barbiturate | inc Cl influx DURATION through GABA to hyperpolarize cell. Used to induce anesthesia | induce P450 so inc metabolism of fat soluble drugs ex:OCP. Porphyrias, sedation, anesthesia, resp depression, coma, die. Long term=tolerance, psych+phys dependance. Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
||||||||
| clonazepam | sedative/hypnotic - benzodiazepine | inc Cl influx FREQUENCY through GABA to hyperpolarize cell. Treats mania/bipolar if preg & panic attacks/anxiety. Metabolized by liver to an active compound. | sedation & anesthesia then plateaus. Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
||||||||
| diazepam | sedative/hypnotic - benzodiazepine & anticonvulsant | Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
|||||||||
| lorazepam | sedative/hypnotic - benzodiazepine & anticonvulsant | Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
|||||||||
| alprazolam | sedative/hypnotic - benzodiazepine | Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
|||||||||
| midazolam | sedative/hypnotic - benzodiazepine | Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
|||||||||
| oxazepam | sedative/hypnotic - benzodiazepine | Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
|||||||||
| temazepam | sedative/hypnotic - benzodiazepine | Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
|||||||||
| flurazepam | sedative/hypnotic - benzodiazepine | Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
|||||||||
| triazolam | sedative/hypnotic - benzodiazepine | Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs.
🗑
|
|||||||||
| zaleplon | sedative/hypnotic | bzd agonist. Treats sleep disorders. | Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs. But less abuse & tolerance.
🗑
|
||||||||
| zolpidem | sedative/hypnotic | bzd agonist. Treats sleep disorders. | Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs. But less abuse & tolerance.
🗑
|
||||||||
| buspirone | sedative/hypnotic | no effect on GABA. serotonin partial agonist. Used for general anxiety (not sedating) | no w/drawl or cross reactivity or abuse potential
🗑
|
||||||||
| ethanol | sedative/hypnotic - Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs. | aka alcohol. activates GABA complex. sedation, anesthesia, resp depression, coma & dec HR (>300mg/dL), (400mg/dL)death. inc risk GI cancer/bleed, boobs/small balls (liver not breaking estrogen), HTN, fetal al synd. Treats OD of methanol or ethylene glycol | alcohol dehydrogenase (zero order. needs NAD) ->acetaldehyde (NV headache) ->acetaldehyde dehydrogenase ->acetic acid (metabolic acidosis). Thiamine def=WernickeKorsakoff: ataxia, confused, ophthalmoplegia (EOM no move). Hepatitis, cirrhosis, pancreatitis
🗑
|
||||||||
| ethylene glycol | sedative/hypnotic - Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs. | auto antifreeze. activates GABA complex. sedation, anesthesia, resp depression, coma & dec HR, death. | alcohol dehydrogenase (zero order. needs NAD) ->glycoaldehyde ->acetaldehyde dehydrogenase ->oxalic acid crystals damage kidneys & metabolic acidosis
🗑
|
||||||||
| methanol | sedative/hypnotic - Cross tolerant w/ alcohols, bzds, barbs & other sedative/hypnotic drugs. | antifreeze/fuel. activates GABA complex. sedation, anesthesia, resp depression, coma & dec HR, death. | alcohol dehydrogenase (zero order. needs NAD) ->formaldehyde ->acetaldehyde dehydrogenase ->formic acid (metabolic acidosis) & blindness
🗑
|
||||||||
| cyproheptadine | cure | treats OD on antidepressant that caused serotonin syndrome | wipes sys clean of the antidepressant you took the time to build up to have an effect. Start from scratch
🗑
|
||||||||
| dantrolene | cure | treats malignant hyperthermia caused by Neuromuscular blocker/skel M relaxer (nicotinic Nm receptor) |
🗑
|
||||||||
| flumazenil | BZD blocker | treats OD of benzodiazepines |
🗑
|
||||||||
| fomepizole | inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase | so acetaldehyde/formaldehyde don't form so don't get tox. Use in methanol & ethylene glycol poisoning |
🗑
|
||||||||
| disulfram | inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase | so acetaldehyde builds up when ingest ethanol so you get sick. Helps in quitting alcohol. | other drugs that act like this: metronidazole, cephalosporins, procarbazine (anticancer)
🗑
|
||||||||
| chlordiazepoxide | sedative/hypnotic - benzodiazepine | used for alcohol detox |
🗑
|
||||||||
| edrophonium | AchE inhibitor. reversible | treats myasthenia gravis. Use to differentiate btw MG & cholinergic crisis (wont get better). | too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give atropine
🗑
|
||||||||
| donepezil | AchE inhibitor | treats alzheimers | too much Ach = leaking from everywhere, miosis, brady, dec bp, skel M excitation then paralysis, broncho constriction. If OD give atropine
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
eweeks
Popular Science sets