4 phases of swallowing: oral prep, oral, pharyngeal, esophageal
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| Labial seal is key to the success of this phase | oral prep.
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| This stage ends with the occurrence of an involuntary reflex | oral
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| If this phase increases beyond its typical "less than one second" criterion, the risk of aspiration is greatly increased | pharyngeal
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| This phase consists of four synchronized physiological actions | pharyngeal
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| This phase has the goal of creating a cohesive bolus | oral prep.
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| Relaxation of the cricopharyngeus muscle occurs at what phase | pharyngeal
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| labial seal is key to the success of this phase | oral prep
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| velar elevation, pharyngeal parystalsis and laryngeal elevation and cricopharyngeal (UES) opening are the four synchronized actions during the esophageal phase T/F | False. Velar elevation, pharyngeal parystalsis and laryngeal elevation and cricopharyngeal (UES) opening are the four synchronized actions during the PHARYNGEAL phase
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| This phase is characterized by tongue elevation to the hard palate from anterior to posterior movement pattern | oral
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| Rotary movement of tongue is most common in what phase? | oral prep.
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| larynx and pharynx are at rest during this phase leaving airway open for breathing | oral prep. and esophageal
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| Breathing stops during | oral and pharyngeal phase
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| This phase is disordered if it takes longer then 20 seconds to occur | esophageal
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| Phases characterized by paristaltic action mediated by CN X-Vagus | esophageal
Could also be pharyngeal because CN X does innervate constrictor muscles.
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| The bolus divides appropriately in this phase | pharyngeal
Bolus travels to UES via lateral channels, goes around sides of the epiglottis. Meets again at cricopharyngeus.
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| Decreased laryngeal elevation is likely to cause aspiration or penetration in what phase | pharyngeal
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| A spastic cricopharyngeus muscle is likely to interfere with this phase | esophageal and pharyngeal, esophageal because we won't get bolus in. UES opening is also sign of pharyngeal phase.
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| This phase will be most susceptible to disorder from disruption in the smooth motion that characterizes this phase. | oral
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| Coordinated and anterior tongue motion is most important in this phase | oral
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| chest pain is symptom of this phase | esophageal, air bubbles in esophagus can cause pain as well as muscle spasms
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| Decreased salivation would affect this phase most | oral prep
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| Abnormal epiglottic function will cause disruption of this phase, primarily | pharyngeal
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| decreased laryngeal closure indicates disorder in this phase | pharyngeal
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| premature spilling of bolus from oral cavity due to disordered velopharyngeal movement during this phase | oral prep
During oral prep velum causes posterior barrier by lowering velum often making complete contact with tongue base.
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| Inappropriate biting of the cheeks is an indicator of disorder of this phase | oral prep, happens when buccal (cheek) muscle loses tongue due to neurology or surgery.
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| Nasal regurgitation is a symptom of disorder in this phase | pharyngeal (this is when velum is supposed to lift) then parastaltic action will push bolus up.
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| A Zenker's diverticulum is most likely to affect this phase | esophageal
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| Decreased tongue base retraction is typically going to be a symptom of dysphagia in this phase | pharyngeal, when laryngeal elevation occurs tongue pushes posteriorly and cleans out vallecula-tongue base sweeps posteriorly over epiglottis
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| Vallecula residue is often sign of weak tongue base. True/False | True, during phrayngeal phase when laryngeal elevation occurs, the tongue pushes posteriorly and cleans out vallecula-tongue base sweeps posteriorly over epiglottis
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| Aspiration occurs most often due to disorder of what phase | pharyngeal, the most susceptible to aspiration
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| abnormal hold positions are disorders of this phase | oral prep
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| limited mandibular movement are disorders of this phase | oral prep
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| 4 major muscles of mastication | temporalis, masseter, internal and external pterygoids
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| Coating of the pharyngeal wall after swallow is disorder of what phase | pharyngeal, caused by lack of pharyngeal parystalsis
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| Pyriform sinus residue is disorder of what phase | pharyngeal, because of lack of laryngeal elevation that tips and empties
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| reflux affects what phase most | esophageal, can slow esophageal phase, can cause pain
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| Incomplete tongue to palate contact affects what phase most | oral
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| Inability to make bolus affects what stage | oral prep
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| lack of teeth affects what stage | oral prep
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| disturbed parystaltic (squeezing) action of tongue affects what stage | oral
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| Parystaltic wave is created when you swallow T/F? | T, parystaltic wave can be measured from mouth all the way to the anus, swallowing creates movement in the intestines
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| Increased duration of time to complete this phase are likely to cause aspiration or penetration BEFORE the swallow | oral
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| Aspiration during the swallow is most likely caused during what phase | Pharyngeal
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| Aspiration after the swallow is most likely caused during what phase | esophageal
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| Piecemeal deglutition may be sign of premature occurrence of this phase | pharyngeal, can also be sign of apraxia (incordination)
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| deglutition is another word for | swallowing
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| Increased residue of pharynx | pharyngeal
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| retraction and elevation of velum must occur during this phase | pharyngeal
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| occurs with relaxation of cricopharyngeus | esophageal
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| This phase ends with closing of distal sphincter | esophageal- Distal sphincter (lower esophageal sphincter)
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| This phase begins at anterior faucial pillars | pharyngeal, can also begin as far back as vallecula
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| This stage contains pharyngeal paristalsis | pharyngeal
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| This phase contains stripping action | oral
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| Three valves of vocal tract must provide airway closure during | pharyngeal
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| metacognitive decision making processes are most active during this phase | oral prep
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| It is not appropriate to have an open airway during this phase | pharyngeal
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| A moment of apnea occurs during this phase | pharyngeal
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| This phase requires the bolus to remain midline | oral
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| This phase requires intact masseter and temporalis function | oral prep
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| This phase is most likely to demonstrate defecits of velopharyngeal function | pharyngeal phase
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| This phase most likely improves when downgraded to thick or thin liquids | esophageal phase
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| This phase relies the most on cranial nerve XII | oral phase
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| Relaxation of UES is hallmark of this phase | Pharyngeal
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| Tongue to hard palate contact is critical for this phase | oral
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| altering an eating utensil or cup is most likely to affect this phase | oral prep
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| Retroflection of the epiglottis is typically seen during this phase | pharyngeal
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| T/F. Upper Motor Neuron disorders are know to cause flacid muscle responses | False. Upper motor neuron disorders are know to cause SPASTIC motor disorders, lower motor neuron disorders cause flacid musle repoonse.
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