Marine Science Rev.
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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aquarium | glass or acrylic
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biological filtration | synthetic bacteria occurs
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chemical filtration | dissolved chemicals are removed from the water
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gravel | acts as a ph buffer
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mechanical filtration | particular matters are removed from the water
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what instrument is used to measure salinity and specific gravity in a saltwater tank? | hydrometer
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identify toxic substances that accumulate in a saltwater tank. | ammonia
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Ntrosomonas | amonia to nitrite
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How do you fix the following water quality problems: evaporation | add fresh water
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cloudy water | water change
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algae growth | scrape tank
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what is the correct specific gravity range for a salt water aquarium? | 1.020-1.024 g/ml
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describe what marine science and oceanography are. | marine science- study of the nature of the ocean
oceanography- study of the oceans content and processes
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what are four main branches of oceanography? | biological, chemical, physical, geological
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identify 3 primary reasons for early civilization to interact with the ocean. | trade, foo, exploration
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Phoenicians | 1st established trade routes
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Chinese | invented compass
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Vikings | stone maps
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Charles Darwin | theory of coral growth
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Polynesians | built canoes
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Eratosthenes | circumference of the earth
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Columbus | first to explore America
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HMS Challenger | first solely based marine science expedition
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Trieste | went to challenger deep
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GPS | global positioning system
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Alvin | made over 150 dives.
(discovered Titanic)
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ROV | remotely operated vehicle
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Loran C | long range navigation
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Satellites | gather patterns
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Sonar | maps the seafloor
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crust | outermost layer
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outer core | outermost layer
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lithosphere | uppermost region of the mantle
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mantle | think and fluid like
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inner core | innermost layer
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asthenosphere | top part of upper mantle
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name the four major layers of the earth in order. | crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
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explain why oceanic crust is denser than continental crust. | oceanic crust is older
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explain the general interaction of oceanic crust and continental crust | oceanic crust sub ducts below continental crust
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who proposed the past existence of Pangea and the theory of continental drift? | alfred wegner
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describe the evidence of the theory of continental drift. | fossils, coal deposits, puzzle model
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explain why continental drift was not accepted at first. | could not explain how continents drifted, meteorologist not geologist
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explain the theory of seafloor spreading. | as plates move it is believed the sea floor will expand (new rock formed)
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how did sonar contribute to the information about the ocean bottom? | maps the ocean floor
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how did glomar challenger contribute to the theory of sea floor spreading? | took core samples, collected rock info
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explain the theory of plate tectonics. | pacific will shrink, atlantic will expand
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identify the four types of sediments based on origin | hydrogenous, cosmogenous, lithogenous, biogenous
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identify factors that determine the density of ocean waters. | salinity and temperature
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explain why oceans are less prone to freezing then lakes? | as salinity increases water resists freezing
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identify the effect of temperature on the solubility of gases in seawater. | thermocline- when temperature changes rapidly with depth
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describe water's properties due to it's polar nature: hydrogen bonding | water is a liquid
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cohesion | molecules stick together
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adhesion | water sticks to other molecules
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viscosity | fluid resists flow
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ice floats | hydrogen bonds spread to a crystal structure
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gulf stream | carries warm water
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california current | carries cool water
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what are the factors that affect direction and patterns of a major ocean current? | wind and landmasses
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spring tide | occur during full and new moon
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neap tide | occur during quarter moon
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define emergent plants and give examples | plants that live on land. ex. palm tree
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define submergent plants and give examples | plants that live underwater. ex. seaweed
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porifera | sponge
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nemertea | ribbon worm
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nematoda | round worm
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ctenophora | box jelly
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mollusca | snail
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platyhelminthes | pollyachate worms
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cyanobacteria | blue-green algae
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dinophyta | red tide
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phaeophyta | brown algae
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rhodophyta | red algae
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chlorophyta | green chlorophyll
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why are red algae so important to coral reefs? | secretion of calcium carbonate
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red tide is primarily caused by which phylum? | dinophyta
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what is a bloom and what causes it? | rapid increase of algae creates harmful phytoplankton
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describe biotic and abiotic aspects of the sargasso sea. | biotic- seaweed
abiotic- sand and water
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collar cells | line interior of sponge
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oscula | water goes in
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radial symmetry | round
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mantle | organ that secretes shell
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tube feet | locomotion
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amoebocytes | distribute nutrients throughout the sponge
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cnidocytes | stinging prey
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mesoglea | jelly substance
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muscular foot | movement
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water vascular system | hydratic system
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spicules | needle-like structures made of glass
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polyps | tentacles up
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radula | tongue-like structure with scraping teeth for feeding
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spongin | keeps sponge up straight
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medusa | tentacles down
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abductor muscles | close and open shell
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mandibles | mouth parts, eating
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chelipeds | claws, catch prey
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swimmerets | legs, assist with swimming
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uropods | tail fan
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gastropoda | snail, one shell, muscular foot
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cephalopoda | octopus, squid, tentacles
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bivalves | claws, abductors
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Nitrobacter | nitrite to nitrate
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Created by:
ocue10
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