Question/Answer
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| Religion: 1/3 of the people in the world are _______? | Christians
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| What year did United nations recreate Israel? | 1948
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| What happened in 63 BC? | Pompey takes Israel
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| When were Jews offered religious toleration? | 47 BC
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| What does gospel mean? | Good News
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| What does disciple mean? | Follower, learner
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| What does apostle mean? | One who is sent out to deliver a message
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| Was Matthew one of the 12 Disciples? | Yes
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| Was Mark on of the 12 Disciples? | No
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| Was Luke one of the 12 Disciples? | No
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| Was John one of the 12 Disciples? | Yes
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| Who writes the book in the Bible, Revalations? | John
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| Jesus was born in ___ __.__. | 4 BC
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| Jesus was born in _________ (city) | Bethleham
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| Where is Jesus' hometown? | Nazareth
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| What happened with Jesus on the Sea of Galalee/Dead Sea? | He walked on water
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| When was the Last Supper? | Thursday
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| What is nailing/tying to a cross and killing of suffocation? | Crucifixion
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| What does "Inri" Mean? | Jesus of Nazareth, King/Rex of the Jews
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| Teachings of Jesus- What is the ultimate goal? | Go to Heaven
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| Saint Paul a.k.a. ____________. | Saul of Tarsus
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| What does hellenized mean? | Greek
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| What 3 languages does Saint Paul speak fluently? | Latin, Greek, Hebrew
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| Who did not accept Jesus as the son of God? | Saint Paul
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| Saint Paul persecuted and killed ________. | Christians
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| What is someone who dies for their religion? | martyr
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| What is Saint Paul's transformation? | Jesus speaks to him and asks why he is persecuting Christians, makes him blind, touched by a Christian, can see again, and becomes a Christian
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| How many missionary trips did Saint Paul take and how many miles did he go? | 4 trips, ~ 8,000 miles
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| Why is nothing lost in Saint Pauls message as he travels? | He know 3 languages, and there is no language barrier between him and foreign people
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| What is an epistle? | A letter written by an apostle/deciple
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| Was Saint Paul one of the 12 deciples? | No
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| Who wrote Corintheans, Roman, Sains, Ephisus? | Saint Paul
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| What happened in 59 AD? | The Romans had to save Saint Paul because he got Jews mad.
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| How did Saint Paul die? | He was probably executed in 67 AD
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| What does the Christian doctrine say?(4) | 1) All humans are deep in sin; 2) Jesus was sent to Earth to save people from sin; 3) Wants to tie old and new testaments together (Jesus' death connects dots of Old Testament); 4) Salvation is by having faith/Faith will save you(bc many won't meet Jesus)
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| Why was Christianity successful? (3) | 1) Unity of Roman Empire (most people spoke Latin so no language barrier, Pax Romana); 2) Acceptance of All (no superiority, judgements; wealthy & arrogant = accepted less, poor = good people); 3) Inspiration of Jesus
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| Who is a person/group that you blame or target? | Scapegoat
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| What is it called when someone is punished for their beliefs? | Persecution
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| What are catacombs? | Underground burial chambers where dead people decompose b/c of moisture, worms, rats, spiders; people hid in these caves
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| Who issued the Edict of Milan? | Emperor Constantine
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| When was the Edict of Milan issued? | 313 AD
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| What did the Edict of Milan do? | Made Christianity legal
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| Who made Christianity the official state religion? | Theodossius I
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| What happened in 380 AD? | Theodossius I made Christianity the official state religion.
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| Where was the Byzantine Empire centered in? | Constantinople
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| What is the extension where Constantinople is on? | the Golden Horn
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| What was Constantinople's defense for foreign ships in a strait? | A huge chain in the water was raised/cranked; rips bottom of ship off and ship sinks
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| When did Justinian reign? | 527-565 AD
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| Who was Theodora? | Justinians wife
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| Who influenced Justinian to protect women's rights? | Theodora
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| What revolt did Theodora encourage her husband to stay and fight for? | Nika Revolt
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| Where did Justinian expand the empire to? | Balkan/Italian Peninsula, Asia Minor
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| What was Justinian's code? | A collection of laws
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| What was a flammable liquid that was put on ships called? | Greek Fire
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| What 5 cities had a patriarch? | Rome, Constantinople, Antioch, Jerusalem, Alexandria
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| Who are 3 examples of icons? | Jesus, Mary, Saints
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| What causes an additional split between the East and West? | Iconoclast Movement
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| Illiterate people needed _________. | icons
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| [East/West] supported use of icons. | West
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| What is a heresy? | An opinion against the church's beliefs
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| What is excommunication? | Church disowning you- you can't go to ceremonies/communion/services
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| Who declares opposing icons a heresy and threatens excommunication? | The Pope in the West
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| What language were church services done in in the Roman Catholic church? | Latin
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| What language are Eastern Orthodox church services done in? | Greek
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| Who is the leader of the Roman Catholic Religion? | The pope
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| Who is the leader of the Eastern Orthodox religion? | Patriarch
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| Roman Catholic or Eastern Orthodox: Priests celibate | Roman Catholic
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| What does celibate mean? | Can't marry, virgin b/c married God/Jesus, people decided this, not the bible
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| Roman Catholic or Eastern Orthodox: Priests may marry and have kids | Eastern Orthodox
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| Roman Catholic or Eastern Orthodox: Christmas is December 25 | Roman Catholic
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| Roman Catholic or Eastern Orthodox: Christmas is Jan 7 | Eastern Orthodox
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| Roman Catholic or Eastern Orthodox: Emphasize Crucifixion | Roman Catholic
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| Roman Catholic or Eastern Orthodox: Emphasize Resurrection | Eastern Orthodox
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| What is Islam? | A religion, meaning to surrender to Allah
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| Who is the Islam God? | Allah
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| Who is a Muslim? | A follower of the Islam religion, one who submits to Allah's will
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| What is the Qur'an in Islam? | English- Koran, holy scripture
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| What is the Haiga Sophia? | A church built by Justinian, the center of church culture
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| What is centered on the Arabian Peninsula? | Islamic Empire
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| What region is the Islamic Empire on? | Bedouins
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| Who lived 570-632 AD? | Muhammad
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| What was Muhammad's religious experience? | Gabriel says he is the chosen prophet of Allah & Allah speaks to him
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| Why have Allah's words to Muhammad never been translated? | So the message is not lost in the god's word
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| It is assumed that the Qur'an was written by ______. | Allah
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| Where did Muhammad travel to convert people to Islam? | Mecca to Medina
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| When did Muhammad die? | 632 AD
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| What are the 5 Pillars of Islam? | 1) Confession of Faith 2) Pray 5 X a day 3)Alms giving 4) Fasting for month of Ramadan 5)Pilgrimage to Mecca
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| What is the Islam Confession of Faith | Allah is the only god, Muhammad is God's servant, messenger, prophet
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| Where must an Islam face when praying? | Mecca
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| What is alms giving? | Giving money or food to the poor
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| What is fasting? | Cannot eat, drink, swear, have sex
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| During the month of Ramadan, when must the fasting occur? | Sunrise to Sunset
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| How many times must a Muslim make a pilgrimage to Mecca, according to the 5 Pillars of Islam? | At least once in a lifetime (most wait until they are elderly)
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| What is a jihad? | Holy war
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| Where to Muslims hold church services? | Mosque
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| Do mosques have statues and religious images? | No
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| What are Muslims forbidden?(3) | 1)Cannot have more than 4 wives, 2) cannot eat pork b/c pigs are not clean, 3) Cannot smoke or drink
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| Who are the Moors? | Spanish Muslims
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| In 500 AD, what did the Eastern Roman Empire include? | Greece, northern Balkan Peninsula, Asia Minor, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Cyrenaica
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| When did Justinian and Theodora marry? | 525 AD
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| Justinian on Woman's treatment | Husband cannot beat wife and wife can divorce if husband mistreated, a widow can raise her own children
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| What is dowry? | Money or goods given to husband by wife when they married
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| When was the Nika Revolt? | 532 AD
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| Who was Belisarius? | Jusitinians commander in chief
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| Why did Belisarius become commander in chief? | Theodora was friends with his wife, Antonina
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| After Justinians death, the empire suffered from... | civil wars and conflicts with other powers
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| Emperor ____ defeated Persians in ____ | Heraclius-627
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| Who are the avars? | Asians
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| Who are the slavs? | European slaves
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| Political Strength of Byzantine Empire | 1Highly centralized gov. w/ all powerful emperor, 2skilled, efficient, and well-pd rulers; 3emperors married Byzantine princesses/foreign princes (allies)
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| Definition of byzantine | tricky and devious policies (Political strength- provoked neighbors to attack eachother to prevent either from attacking them)
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| Military Strength | Rewarded soldiers with land, instruction manuals w/ new strategies, sword/javelin instead of bow/arrow, effective armor, greek fire
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| What did the byzantines use instead of the bow/arrow? | sword/javelin
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| Economic Strength | Agriculture, manufacturing, trade, constantinople, gov. regulated trade/manufacturing for high taxes
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| Location of Constantinople | Where Asia/Europe meet, overlooked Bosporus strait (links Black Sea and Sea of Marmara
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| What are icons? | holy pictures, from Greek word "eikon" meaning portrait
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| Who were iconoclasts? | People who opposed icons
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| How long did the iconoclast controversy last? | More than 100 years
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| What happened in 726? | Emperor Leo III outlawed worship of icons, but people refused to abandon icons
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| What happened in 843? | Emperors gave up trying to supress icons
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| When did Rome make a council of bishops? | 787
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| When did the Christian church split? | 1054
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| What are mosaics? | pictures or designs composed of inlaid pieces of stone, glass, or enamel
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| What are the 4 parts of Justinians code? | The Code, The Digest, The Institutes, The Novels
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| What started the decline of the Byzantine Empire? | 1000s AD Saljuq Turks captured most of Asia Minor
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| There were __ ________ in the Decline of the Byzantine Empire | 4 Crusades
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| When did Byzantine recapture Constantinople? | 1261
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| Where was the Muslim/Arab Empire? | SE Asia Minor & Balkan Region
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| Who were bedouins? | Arabic herders who lived as nomads
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| Who was a sheikh? | A man w/ respect because of knowledge, courage, wealth, family background
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| Who are hanifs? | Rejected, old gods
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| What was the Ka'bah? | A stone building filled with statues of many gods
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| What is hijrah? | Flight, migration
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| When was the Fall of Mecca? | 630
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| What is a caliph? | successor of the Prophet, title (Abu Bakr to Muhammad), supreme civil, military, religious leader
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| What is Japal Tarla? | "Mountain of Tariq"
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| Who were imams? | Ali's successors
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| What are caliphates? | Islam Empire broken into 3 parts- Baghdad, Cairo, Cordoba
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| What is a dower? | (Islam) a marriage gift from groom
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| What is an astrolabe? | Determines latitude by calculating positions of planets and stars
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| What was the Canon of Medicine? | An organized encyclopedia written by philosopher/physician Ibn-Sina
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| What was a janissary? | Group of slave soldiers, captives of war or enslaved Balkan Christians
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| What are millets? | Self-government groups
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| What are sultans? | People who ruled empires affairs, claimed to be caliph
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