Science Study Guide
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| have impacts of huge space rocks changed Earth’s climate in the past? | They have created cooler climates
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| New ocean floor is formed when | two oceanic plates move apart
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| At the Challenger Learning Center, you learned that volcanoes may release large amounts of sulfur dioxide gas into the atmosphere causing | acid rain
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| What can cause a slow change in Earth’s surface? | erosion of a mountain
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| What Earth process quickly changes the Earth’s surface? | Earthquake
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| Which Earth processes could you expect to happen in your life time | An earthquake somewhere in North America
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| Imagine that you found a rock with fossils in it. Explain how this rock may have formed. | Plants or animals died and their remains were buried along with bits of sand or rock were cemented together
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| The rock cycle involves the formation of | sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks
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| What is one thing scientists can learn about the history of the Earth by studying different rock layers? | Information about past climates
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| scientist in Antarctica (South pole) discovered a fossilized tropical fern. What does this tell you about the past climate of Antarctica? | It used to be a rainforest
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| A geologist taking a rock sample found fossilized seashells within one of the rock layers. The geologist can then determine that this layer was once part of a | ocean
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| Usually, when energy is converted from one form to another ________. | heat is produced
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| How does heat affect the spoilage rate? | speeds up the rate
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| The use of falling water to provide energy is called __________. | hydroelectric energy
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| The use of the sun’s energy to provide electricity is called _____________. | solar energy
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| What would not be a product of electricity? | acidity
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| Choose one method of obtaining energy that does not hurt the environment | Using solar cells
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| What is a negative impact of wind energy? | Causes harm to birds
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| Colds are caused by | viruses
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| Which of the following are considered the body’s main defense against bacteria, viruses, and other invaders? | white blood cells
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| Antibodies produced in response to an infection | remain in the body to fight infections
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| Diseases are caused by | microorganisms
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| Pasteurization kills germs by treating | food and drinks with heat
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| What is a vaccine? | a weak or dead form of disease
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| Which scientists are best known for their work with vaccines? | Louis Pasteur and Edward Jenner
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| What is one reason it is important to use sterile equipment during surgery? | To avoid infection
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| What piece of technology has had the greatest impact on the medical field? | microscope
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| The plates of the Earth move due to the movement of heat inside called | convection
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| The three types of plate boundaries are | convergent, divergent, and transform
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| What is the correct order of the processes that create sedimentary rock? | erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
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| Where would you expect to find the oldest layer of rock? | at the bottom of the layers
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| Warm ocean currents begin or originate… | at the equator
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| What law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed? | The Law of Conservation of Energy
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| Which of these would not explain why Americans have a longer life expectancy? | American doctors are friendlier
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| The plates are made up of the | the lithosphere
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| Inventor of Continental Drift | Alfred Wegner
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| Creator of Germ Theory | Louis Pasteur
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| Invented vaccine for smallpox | Edward Jenner
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| first used antiseptics in medicine | Joseph Lister
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| energy created by splitting atoms | nuclear energy
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| energy created by burning waste | biomass energy
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| energy taken from the sun | solar energy
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| energy taken from deep in the Earth | Geothermal Energy
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