Kidney anatomy and waste products
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| renal medulla | inner layer of kidney that contains triangular-shaped renal pyramids
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| renal pyramids | connect to minor calix (an area where urine drains) into renal pelvis (a large funnel-shaped cavity that becomes the ureter)
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| ureters | Two 12-inch tubes leading to the bladder
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| parenchyma | functional or working area of any organ Ex: Nephron of kidney
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| nephron | microscopic structure, functional unit of kidney and site of urine production. The fist part of nephron is the glomerular capsule.
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| glomerulus | a network of intertwining capillaries where filtration occurs
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| renin | enzyme secreted by kidneys. Stimulates production of angiotensin, a powerful vasoconstrictor that causes blood vessels to constrict, increasing blood pressure
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| erythropoietin | secreted by kidneys. Stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells
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| flank | area of back between the ribs and hip bone that overlies the kidneys
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| creatinine | waste product from muscle contractions
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| urea | waste product from protein metabolism
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| uric acid | waste product from purine metabolism
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