Ancient India
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| Himalayas | largest mountains in world in North Eastern India
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| Ganges | main river system in India or South Asia
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| South Asia | another word for India in old times
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| Indo-Gangetic Plain | name of rich settled lands around the Ganges river system
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| Deccan Plateau | largest plateau in India
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| Indus | river in South Asia where first civ was located
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| Pakistan | name of modern country that Indus River flows though today
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| monsoon | seasonal winds that bring over 60% of all annual water needs in summer
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| Indian Ocean | below India
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| Khyber Pass | opening in Hindu Kush mts North West of India
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| Hindu Kush | name of mountains that have Khyber Pass into India
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| Indus River Valley | first settled area of South Asia (India)
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| Harappan | name of first civilization in India
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| Mohenjo-Daro | another city in Harappan civ of ancient India
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| Harappa | name of big city in Indus River Valley civilization
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| urban planning | Harappans had gridded streets and patterns to their citys which showed they were deliberatly designed or planned
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| granary | building used by ancient gov't to store grain for famine
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| citadel | fortress of Harappans
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| sanskrit | oldest writing form in world in India
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| urban | means city
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| Aryans | light invaders into India conquered original people
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| Dravidians | original or native people of India
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| raja | local prince or king
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| caste system | social order of 4 groups in India
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| Brahmin | top of caste-priests, teachers
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| Kshatriyas | warriors or gov't officials
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| Vaisyas | commoners, farmers, merchants
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| Sudras | day laborers or workers
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| Untouchables | below all, people considered unclean due to jobs like handling dead, garbarge, sweep streets
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| guru | wise teacher of Hinduism
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| sati | widow must die when husband does
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| cremation | burn dead bodies to release the soul to next life
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| saddus | holy Hindu men
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| dowry | price or gift given by bride's family to groom
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| arranged marriage | family picks who you marry
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| patriarchal | males dominant in society
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| joint family | means extended family or more than 1 generation living under same roof
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| Hinduism | oldest relgion in world
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| polytheism | belief in many deities
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| Brahman | creator of life, all gods are a form of him
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| dharma | one's duty to follow rules of religion and caste to get better next life
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| karma | extra good or bad you do in this life will affect your next life
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| reincarnation | belief that one has many many lives--one's soul is reborn into many life forms
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| cow | sacred to Hindu religion
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| yoga | form of meditation to lead one to God--4 kinds, path of knowledge, love, work, and meditation
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| moksha | end of all lives, no more reincarnation, one with Brahman
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| Vishnu | preserver
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| Siva | the destroyer
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| temple | place of worship for Hindus
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| Hindu | believer of Hinduism
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| Vedas | oldest religious writings in world --Hindu stuff written into palm leaves
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| Siddhartha Gautama | founder of Buddhism goal was to teach others how to be happy
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| Buddha | means enlightened one or smarter one
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| 6 bce | Buddhism founded by Siddhartha
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| Four Noble Truths | main ideas Buddhism is based upon--all life full of pain, we can ease pain by following 8 rules
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| Eightfold Path | list of 8 rules to live by to be a better Buddhist and gain wisdom-know 4 truths, decide what we want, speak truth and well, no killing lying, stealing, etc..meditate...
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| mediation | technique to gain control and wisdom-form of searching for peace
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| stupas | stone towers housing relics of Buddha
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| relic | body parts, or items worn or used by someone deemed sacred
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| Mauryan Dynasty | first original India empire
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| dynasty | rulers in a family--king inherits job
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| province | organized part of an empire with king appointed governor
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| Asoka | greatest king of ancient India-devoted to people after conquests
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| kalinga | battle that changed Asoka's life
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| Buddhism | philosophy begun by Siddhartha
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| edicts | official gov't messages
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| Gupta Empire | golden age of Indian culture and invention
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| Mahabharata | longest poem in world, 90,000 stanzas about warring cousins and moral dilemmas and gods
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| epic | long long poem with heroes
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| plastic surgery | perfomed in Gupta India on injured warriors
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| suggical tools | over 100 iinvented by Guptas
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| Aryabhata | brilliant mathematician and scientist--Pi and decimal systems and concept of 0
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| Ramayana | another poem about Rama--hero king and his wife--good over evil
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| Kalidasa | great romantic poet--earlier form of our Shakespeare-brilliant skill with language
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| Ajanta | amazing 28 caves filled with Buddhist art done in 17 years
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Created by:
corides
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