| Description |
 |
|
| Name |
|
|
| Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztecs |
Hernando Cortes |
| Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas |
Francisco Pizarro |
| Spanish king and queen who finanaced Columbus' voyage |
Ferdinand & Isabella |
| Patron of exploration; from Portugal |
Prince Henry the Navigator |
| Portuguese explorer; first to find a water route to India |
Vasco da Gama |
| His crew was the first to circumnavigate the globe |
Ferdinand Magellan |
| French explorer who claimed much of modern eastern Canada |
Jacques Cartier |
| English explorer; ship was the Golden Hind; second to circumnavigate the globe |
Francis Drake |
| Tried to find a westward route to Asia; instead he discovered the New World |
Christopher Columbus |
| Leader of the Aztecs |
Montezuma |
| Patron family of the renaissance |
Medici |
| Writer of Praise of Folly; humanist |
Erasmus |
| Writer of Don Quixotre |
Miquel de Cervantes |
| Renaissance English playwriter |
Shakespeare |
| developed the printing press |
Gutenberg |
| painter of the Sistine Chapel; sculpted David and the Pieta |
Michelangelo |
| painted the Last Supper and Mona Lisa; ideal Renaissance man |
Leonardo da Vinci |
| Romantic painter; used landscapes; painted Liberty Leading the People |
Eugene Delacroix |
| Protestant reformer; believed in predestination |
John Calvin |
| First protestant reformer; 95 theses |
Martin Luther |
| Protestant reformer; became leader of Anglican Church of England with the Act of Supremacy; split with the Catholic Church because he was refused a divorce |
Henry VIII |
| Catholic group who tried to convert people to Catholicism |
Jesuits |
| founder of Judaism |
Abraham |
| he led the Jews out of Egypt; 10 Commandments |
Moses |
| founder of Buddhism |
Siddhartha Gautama |
| founder of Islam |
Muhammad |
| founder of Christianity; he is called the Messiah |
Jesus |
| Queen who continued strengthening the Anglican Church; daughter of Henry VIII |
Elizabeth I |
| head of the Catholic Church |
Pope |
| came to power during the Glorious Revolution; had to accept Parliament's Bill of Rights which limited the power of the monarch(s) and increased the power of Parliament |
William and Mary |
| English king during the Restoration period |
Charles II |
| killed during the English Civil War |
Charles I |
| fled during the Glorious Revolution |
James II |
| changed the 30 years war from a religious to a political one |
Cardinal Richelieu |
| leader of the Reign of Terror |
Robespierre |
| French king who was guillotined along with his wife Marie Antoinette |
Louis XVI |
| absolute monarch of Prussia; militarism |
Frederick the Great |
| absolute monarch of Russia; westernization |
Peter the Great |
| Absolute monarch of France; "I am the state"; Palace of Versailles |
Louis XIV |
| Leader of the Congress of Vienna; conservative |
Prince Klemens von Metternich |
| He ended the French Revolution with his coup de etat; wanted to conquer all of Europe; defeated at Waterloo |
Napoleon |
| He united southern Italy; leader of the Red Shirts |
Guiseppe Garibaldi |
| He united northern Italy; great politican |
Camillo Cavour |
| He is responsible for uniting Prussia to become Germany; believed in realpolitik |
Otto von Bismarck |
| Led a slave revolt in Haiti |
Toussaint L'Ouverture |
| Led independence movement in much of South America |
Simon Bolivar |
| Developed the heliocentric theory |
Copernicus |
| Founded the scientific method |
Francis Bacon |
| Discovered the laws of planetary motion; said the planets revolved around the sun in ellipses not perfect circles; the closer the planet got to the sun the faster it orbited around |
Johannes Kepler |
| He supported the heliocentric theory; used the telescope to discover Saturn's rings; and 4 of the moons around Jupiter; brought before the Inquisition for heresy |
Galileo |
| He discovered the laws of motion; gravity; developed calculus |
Isaac Newton |
| He is responsible for discovering the circulation of the blood in the human body |
William Harvey |
| Enlightenment philosopher who believed in separation of church and state; wrote Candide |
Voltaire |
| Enlightenment philosopher; natural rights of life, liberty, and property which was later used by Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence |
John Locke |
| Enlightenment philosopher who wrote about three equal branches of government (judicial, legislative, and executive). |
Montesquieu |
| Enlightenment philosopher who wrote Leviathan; said people were naturally selfish and brutal and needed an absolute monarch to govern |
Thomas Hobbes |
| Enlightenment philosopher who wrote Social Contract; said people had the power to rule (popular sovereignty) |
Rousseau |
| leader of the Roundheads during the English Civil War |
Oliver Cromwell |
| ruling family of the southern part of the Holy Roman Empire; Catholic; involved in the Thirty Years War |
Hapsburg |
| discovered a cheaper way for making steel |
Henry Bessemer |
| inventor of the cotton gin |
Eli Whitney |
| developed the first steam engine |
James Watt |
| discovered germs; bacteria |
Louis Pasteur |
| discovered vaccination for small pox |
Edward Jenner |
| wrote "Wealth of Nations"; founder of capitalism |
Adam Smith |
| wrote the "Communist Manifesto" and "Das Kapital"; founder of communism |
Karl Marx |
| US Navy Admiral who forced Japan to open trade |
Commodore Matthew Perry |
| He gained India's independence with passive resistance |
Gandhi |
| leader of South Africa; help to end apartheid |
Nelson Mandela |
| leader of Kenya in Africa |
Jumo Kenyatta |
| his death started World War I; leader of Austria-Hungary |
Archduke Franz Ferdinand |
| US President during WWI; his peace plan was the 14 points, which called for the League of Nations |
Woodrow Wilson |
| Russian czar who was killed along with his family in the Russian Revolution of 1917 |
Nicholas II |
| leader of the Bolsheviks; created the first communist state |
Vladimir Lenin |
| fascist dictator of Germany; leader of the Nazi Party; wrote "Mein Kampf". He was able to come to power because of the Great Depression and the failure of the Treaty of Versailles |
Adolf Hitler |
| fascist dictator of Italy during WWII |
Benito Mussolini |
| Emperor of Japan during WWII |
Hirihito |
| general of Japan during WWII; he had more power than the emperor |
Tojo |
| totalitarian leader of Russia/Soviet Union during WWII; 5 Year Plan; collectivization; Great Purge |
Joseph Stalin |
| US General of Europe during WWII; later becomes President |
Dwight D. Eisenhower |
| US General of the Pacific during WWII; responsible for rebuilding Japan after WWII |
Douglas MacArthur |
| His plan gave billions to rebuild Western Europe after World War II |
George Marshall |
| US President at the end of WWII; he decided to drop the atomic bomb on Japan; his doctrine said the US would stop the spread of communism |
Harry S. Truman |
| US President during the Great Depression and most of WWII |
Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| Prime minister of Great Britain/England during World War II; "iron curtain" speech during the Cold War |
Winston Churchill |
| Leader of Germany during World War I |
Kaiser Wilheim |
| communist leader of Cuba; allowed Soviet Union to put nuclear weapons in Cuba |
Fidel Castro |
| Soviet leader at the end of the Cold War |
Mikhail Gorbachev |
| US President contributed with ending the Cold War; built up the US military |
Ronald Reagan |
| leader of the Communists during the Chinese Revolution |
Mao Zedong or Tse-tung |
| Leader of the Nationalists during the Chinese Revolution; went to Taiwan after he was defeated |
Chinag Kai Shek |
| Communist leader of Vietnam |
Ho Chi Minh |
| responsible for the genocide in Cambodia |
Pol Pot |
500 Words
