LE muscles
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| Action of the semitendinosus across the knee joint | Extension of femur, flexion of knee, medial rotation of tibia when knee flexed
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| Action of gastrocnemius | Plantar flexion of ankle, assists in knee flexion
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| Deepest muscle at the posterior knee | Popliteus
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| Insertion of the biceps femoris (specifi) | Lateral head of fibula, lateral condlye of tibia
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| Originates on the posterior fibula ONLY and its tendon passes behind the medial malleolus | flexor hallucis longus
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| Function of the popliteus muscle | lateral rotation of femur to unlock extended knee, initiate knee flexion, medial rotation of tibia when knee is flexed
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| lateral rotator of the hip located immediately superior to the tendon of the obturator internus | superior gemellus
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| two primary actions of the gluteus minimus | abduction, medial rotation of femur
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| lateral rotator of the hip only innervated by the obturator nerve | obturator externus
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| origin of the quadrates femoris | ischial tuberosity
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| action of gracilis cross the hip joint | adduction
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| insertion of the iliopsoas | lesser trochanter of femur
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| origin of the rectus femoris muscle | ASIS
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| Insertion of adductor magnus | Anterior head: adductor tubercle Posterior head: Linea aspera of femur
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| Origin of the vastus medialis muscle | Intertrochanteric line, linea aspera
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| Innervation of pectineus | femoral n
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| Insertion of the adductor brevis muscle | Proximal linea aspera, pectineal line of femur
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| Insertion of fibularis brevis | Lateral base of metacarpal 5
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| Action of fibularis tertius | Eversion, dorsiflexion
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| Innervation of fibularis longus | Superficial fibular n
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| Specific muscle that is located on the dorsum of the foot and originates from the anterior calcanues | Extensor digitorum brevis
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| Abdominal muscle that rotates the trunk to the opposite side | External oblique
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| Define the deep inguinal ring | Gap in transversalis fascia
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| Specifically, what form the important conjoined tendon? | Union of the transverse abdominus & internal oblique muscles (aponeurosis)
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| Portion of the spermatic cord derived from the internal oblique | Cremaster muscle & its fascia
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| Name the cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve. Do not give articular | Medial and intermediatecutaneous nerves & saphenous nerve
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| Specific nerve from which the sural nerve arises | Tibial n
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| Point at which the common fibular nerve is particularly vulnerable to injury | Passes around neck of fibula
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| Assuming the sciatic nerve has been severed, would any cutaneous areas below the knee still have sensation? If so, specifically where and why? | Medial leg-supplied by saphenous branch of femoral nerve
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| The obturator nerve carries fibers from these spinal segments | L 2, 3, 4
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| Give two vessels which help to form the cruciate anastomosis | Medial/lateral femoral circumflex, inferior gluteal, 1st perforating branch
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| Artery which directly gives rise to the most of the dorsal metatarsal arteries | arcuate a
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| The small saphenous vein is direct tributary | popliteal vein
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| Artery that gives rise to the perforating arteries of the thigh | profunda femoris
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| Besides being external to the epimysium and sometimes fused to it, give two other characteristics of the | deep fascia, Invest body areas, provide intermuscular septa, surround individual muscles to move freely
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| Discuss what is meant by a functional reversal of origin and insertion | Opposite of anatomical definition; origin is the fixed end, insertion is movable end
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| If we wanted the strongest possible muscular performance across a joint, what type of muscle would you use and how would you attach it | Multipennate; farther from joint
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| List the basic motor function of the nervous system | Muscular contraction; glandular secretion
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| These are a specific type of receptor used, for example, as pain detectors in the skin. They are functionally classified as: | GSA-general somatic afferent
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| Specific components innervated by the autonomic nervous system | PNS & INS; thoracolumbar & craniosacral
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| Define a nerve | A group of neuron fibers in the PNS
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| Name the anatomical structures placed in the PNS (be precise) | 12 pairs of cranial nerves 31 pairs of spinal nerves Autonomic nerves of ANS
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| Name the intrinsic muscles of the foot that form the 1st layer | Abductor hallucis Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi
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| Name the dorsiflexors of the ankle | Tibialis anterior Extensor hallucis longus Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius
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| Name 2 important ligament with attachments to the ischium and sacrum | Sacrotuberous/sacrospinous ligament
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| A patient presents with flattening of the medial longitudinal arch on the plantar surface of the foot. Give specific ligamentous damage | Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
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| Muscle innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve | gluteus maximus
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| Muscle immediately superior to the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region | piriformis
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| Action of the gluteus minimus | Abduction/medial rotation of femur
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| Muscles which insert on the iliotibial tract | TFL, glut maximus
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| Action of semitendinosus across the knee joint | Flexion (med. Rot. When knee flexed)
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| Muscle which originates on the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the anterior proximal tibial shaft | semitendinosis
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| Hamstring inserting on the posterior medial tibial condyle | Semimembranosis
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| List individual names and actions of the muscle collectively known as triceps surae | Gastrocnemius (medial and lateral head), soleus
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| Abdominal muscle that rotates the trunk to the same side | Internal oblique
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| List 4 actions of the Sartorius | Abduction, flexion, lateral rotation of femur; flexion, medial rotation of knee
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| Muscle which lies immediately deep to the adductor longus; inserts on only a single bony landmark | Adductor brevis
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| Action of the gracilis across the hip joint | Adduction of femur
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| Origin of the rectus femoris muscle | AIIS, ilium at upper rim of acetabulum
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| Innervation of adductor magnus | Ant-obturator; post-sciatic
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| Action of pectineus | Adduction/flexion/medial rotation of femur
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| Origin of the extensor digitorum brevis | Anterior calcaneus
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| Action to the fibularis tertius | Eversion of foot; assist in dorsiflexion
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| Innervations of extensor hallucis longus | Deep fibular
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| Specifically what forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal | Aponeuosis of external oblique
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| Portion of the spermatic cord derived from the internal oblique | Cremaster muscle
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| Femoral nerve carries fibers from these specific spinal cord segments | L 2, 3, 4
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| Apart from muscular paralysis, injury to this specific nerve should present anasesthesia of the skin in the small area between 1st and 2nd toes only | Deep fibular nerve
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| The tibial nerve passes immediately deep to this muscle during most of its course in the leg | Soleus
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| The sciatic nerve directly innervates what muscles? | Hamstrings & adductor magnus posterior head
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| The tibial nerve terminates as the | Medial and lateral plantar nerve
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| Arises from the acruate artery | Lateral dorsal metatarsal a
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| In detail, how does the great saphenous vein become a tributary to the deep veins? | passes through the saphenous hiatus and drains into the femoral vein
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| Artery of which the medial femoral circumflex is a direct branch | Profunda femoris
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| Smallest fiber-like unit of a muscle visible to the naked eye | fascicle
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| Considering that muscle volume remains constant, what can one say when comparing the range and strength of contraction of an unattached muscle? | Vary inversely
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| Give the functional 3 letter classificication and name a proprioceptor | GSA; muscle spindles
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| Specific components innervated by the ANS | Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands
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| Name the muscles that form the 3rd layer of the plantar foot | Flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis
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| Name the medial rotators of the hip | Gluteus medius/minimus; adductor magnus/longus; pectineus; tfl
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| Name the ligaments that run from the tibia to the lateral malleolus | Anterior & posterior tibiofibular ligament
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| Nerve of the fibularis brevis | Superficial fibular
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| Insertion of the fibularis longus | Medial cuneiform & base of 5th metatarsal on plantar foot
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| Nerve of tibialis anterior | Deep fibular
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| Action of fibularis tertius | eversion
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| Origin of the vastus medialis | Intertrochanteric line & linea aspera of femur
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| Insertion of the adductor brevis | Adductor tubercle
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| Muscle which originates on the proximal ischial tuberosity and inserts on the medial greater trochanter | Inferior gemellus
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| Action of the gluteus minimus | Abduction, medial rotation
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| Origin of the superior gemellus | Ischial spine
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| Common origin of the hamstrings | Ischial tuberosity
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| Name the muscle whose tendons pass behind the medial malleolus. List from posterior to anterior as they pass around the malleolus. | Flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum, tibialis posterior
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| Origin of the gastrocnemius | Medial head: medial epicondlye of femur; lateral head- lateral epicondyle of femur
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| Nerve of popliteus | tibial
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| Action of the soleus | plantar flexion
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| Muscle that originates only from the lateral epicondle of the femur and inserts into the calcaneous via Achilles tendon | plantaris
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| Portion of the spermatic cord derived from the aponeurosis of the external oblique | External spermatic fascia
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| Name given to the CT covering the smallest unit of a muscle visable to the naked eye | Perimysium
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| Component of the deep fascia which arranges muscle into functional compartments | Intermuscular septa
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| The tibial nerve passes immediately deep to this muscle during the most inferior half of its course | soleus
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| Nerve that traverses the adductor canal to provide cutaneous innervations to the medial side of the leg, ankle and foot to great toe | saphenous n
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| Classify (3 letters) efferents to the muscles of the facial expression and mastication. Why are they classified as this? | SVE; skeletal muscles derived from brachial arches
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| List the special sensations | vision hearing (equilibrium) taste smell
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