Briannes anatomy
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| What is the definition of health? | "the complete physical, mental and social well being of an individual, not merely the absence of disease.
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| What is the definition of embalming? | the complete disinfection, preservation and restoration of a dead human body for funeral purposes.
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| How many micro-organisms can proper embalming kill? | 99% of micro-organisms.
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| Who wrote the History of embalming? | Gannel
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| Which ancient civilization had a purification ceremony following death? | Romans
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| This ancient civilization used cedar oil to dissolve viscera | Egyptians
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| The prohibitive chemicals list was developed because of this newly emerging branch of science | Foransic
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| He is credited as being the first to perfect arterial injection as a means of preservation | Ruysch
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| In ancient Egypt this person marked the incision location | scribe
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| Early embalming was done to make this type of specimen | anatomical
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| Anthony Vanleeuwenhoek invented this | microscope
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| Father of modern day embalming | homes
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| medieval embalmers were not funeral directors they were | physicians
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| A death professional with specialized skills and training | undertaker
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| This english physician discovered circulation of the body | Harvey
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| This ancient civilization was concerned with the body returning to earth as soon as possible | Jews
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| In early years, embalmers used oil of turpentine, lavender and... | rosemary
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| Roman slaves hired to take charge of the deceased | pollinctors
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| Men embalmed men and women embalmed women in this ancient civilization | Gaunche
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| This ancient civilization immersed the deceased in vats of wax or honey | Syrians
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| Fearing persecution, Ancient Christians buried their dead all night in... | catacomb
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| The name for the city of the dead | Necropolis
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| Malpighi is credited as the founder of... | histology
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| Said to be the first to embalming without evisceration | Clauderus
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| In the early years this was used as a means of preservation | Ice
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| Used by the ancient egyptians to dehydrate | Natron
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| Was used in later years of embalming but was banned because it was a popular poison | Arsenic
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| Which Hunter brother was first to inject using the femoral artery and used plaster of paris to dehydrate? | William Hunter
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| Leonardo Da vinci is said to have_______body parts so he had more time to draw or sculpt | Embalmed
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| How do you prevent getting infection | -Universal precautions
-Disenfection--primary, concurrent, terminal
-constant awareness
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| what is UP? | The constant application of barrier precautions when handling the blood and body fluids of persons requiring direct or indirect contact care
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| What is PPE? | Personal, protective, equipment- gloves, masks, protective eye wear, gowns (hair covering, shoe covering)
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| When was the first metioning of embalming | Genesis 50:2
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| Who was the first to note the relationship between death and disease? | Egyptians
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| what place was embalming made mandatory through religious laws? | Egyptians
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| Who believed the soul was immortal? | Egyptians
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| What do the Egyptians believe happened following death? | Soul would roam earth for 3,000 years, its called the "circle of necessity"
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| Egyptians believed that as the as the body remained intact, the ______could return | Soul
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| Embalmers were members of... | priesthood
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| Embalmers were trained by | medical professionals
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| What does scribe | Lawyer-marked incision length and location on left flank as prescribed by law
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| What did the dissector do | Made the incision, then dropped knife and ran. I had to run because he was target of stones because he defiled and mutilated the body
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| Necropolis was the city of the.... | dead
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| Necropolis contained all the facilities necessary for the care of the... | dead (cemetaries,crypts, tombs)
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| Aunbis is the god of what? | Embalming
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| Classification of Embalming | Aunbis
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| Why are there many discrepancies in the actual Aunbis procedure | because of errors in translation
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| What is the first step for the most expensive funerals for egyptians? | 1.Removed brain through nose with long small spoon (peircing the ethomoid bone). Sometimes through eye socket. Then the cranial is re-packed with bandage strips soaked in resin or bitumen.
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| What is the second step for the most expensive funerals for egyptians? | Evisceration
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| What is the third step for the most expensive funerals for egyptians? | Natron
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| What is step four for the most expensive funerals for egyptians? | Removal of natron
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| what is the fifth step for the most expensive funerals for egyptians? | bandaged and spiced
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| What is Evisceration? | Vicera removed through incision in flank, washed in wine and spices. Done by the dessector, embalmer.
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| What is Natron? | A dry compound that covered dead body for 20-70 days. salt composition of chloride, carbonate, sodium
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| Well being bandaged and spiced where is the viscera placed? | Either back in the body or in canopic jars
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| Gaunches methods were | Evisceration and desiccation methods
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| Flint stone used to make an incision called? | Tabona
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| (Gaunches) Mummified bodies called... | Xaxos
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| (Gaunches) It was the _______ embalming method | Perfect
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| What did the Babylonians, persians and syrians do? | Immersion of body in large vat of honey or wax
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| What did the immersion in large vat of honey or wax do? | Created Anaerobic shield around body
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| Why was the immersion in large vat of honey or wax method imperfecgt? | Doesnt preserve inside of body
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| Who practiced mummification, although no particular process was recorded? | Peruvians
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| peruvian mummies were found... | squatting with knees under chin and coins and gold in mouth
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| peruvian bodies were... | wrapped in cotten or wool and bound with crude rope and then wrapped in coccoa mats
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| Who delayed burial for 3 days? | Ancient Greeks
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| Ancient greeks anointed body with | oils and spices
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| What was placed in and around the body if you were an ancient greek? | Coin placed in mouth and cake of honey placed beside the body
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| Preparation for an ancient greek funeral was done by? | The family
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| Who was among the first credited with cremation as disposition? | Ancient Greeks
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| These people viewed embalming and creamation as mutilation to the body | Ancient Jews
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| Ancient Jews anointed the body with_______ and _____, then wrapped it in linen | oils and spices
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| It is important that the ancient jews returned the undefiled body to _____ asap. | Earth
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| Ethipians practices were very similar to the ________ practices | egyptians
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| In this practice you could find up to 10 bodies in a single grave. | Ancient christians
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| If you were an ancient christian where would the initial burial take place? | catacombs
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| Whose preparations of the deceased were very religious? | Ancient first nations people.
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| First nation people did what to the body after it was deceased | Split the body down the back and removed skin
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| These people removed bones, muscle and tissue and exposed them to the sun for dehydration | Ancient first nations people
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| For first nations people ___________ were left to hold skeleton together and then the skeleton dried in the sun | Sinews
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| To preserve the skin Ancient first nations people used ________ | oil greases
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| After first nations dehydrated and preserved the skin they replaced the skeleton into the skin and reformed the body using.... | sand
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| What would you find if you looked in the basket near the feet of the first nations people? | Dried flesh sewn together
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| After the body was prepped where was the body placed when talking about first nations people | in cave or in buried in ground.
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| When preparing for a medium priced funeral what would the body be injected with? | Cedar oil
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| How long was natron typically applied on the body for? | 20-70 days
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| After the natron was a applied for 20-70 days what was the next step for a medium priced funeral? | body was washed, d
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| How did wine help the body? | disinfected the body
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| How did spices help the body? | helped preserve the body
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| Anthony Venleewenhoek invented the... | Microscope
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| Who futhered Malpighis work? | Vanleeuwenhoek
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| Who was named the "father of mircobiology" | Vanleeuwenhoek
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| Who was the "father of embalming?" | Dr. Fredrick Ruysch
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| Why was Ryysch credited of being the father of embalming? | He was the first to perfect successful system of arterial injection as means of preservation
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| Who published the description of this method of embalming without evisceration? | Clauderus
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| Who injected cavities with balasmic spirit? | Clauderus
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| Gabriel Clauderus was a | german physician
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| William hunter was a | scottish anatomist
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| Who was credited over Ruysch as first to successfully adopt the art of injection? | William hunter
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| Who was the first to use the femoral art for injection? | Wiliam hunter
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| In this period only some royality were embalmed but other then that not much embalming was happening? | medival period through mid 19th century
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| What were some of the materials used in earlier years? | Oil of turpentine, camphor spirit, oil of lavender, oil of rosemary, vermillion, wine
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| What were some of the materials used in later dates? | Zinc Compounds, arsenic, alcohols, aluminum compound and zinc sulphate
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| Leonardo Da Vinci was known as a | sculpter, paintor and inventor
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| This man dissected human bodies to produce hundreds of anatomical plates (drawings) | Leonardo Da Vinci
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| William Harvey was a | English physician
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| This man discovered the circulation of bloood | William Harvey
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| Marcello Malpighi was an | Italian anatomist
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| Malpighi was the founder of | histology
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| Who was credited with the discovery of capillary circulation and anastomosis | Malpighi
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| John Hunter was brothers with | William hunter
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| Who perfected the "hunterian Method" | John Hunter
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| Who made embalming available to the general public by publishing "histore des Embaumements" | gannel
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| Who offered embalming to the public for a fee? | Gannel
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| Who was an educator in anatomy, sanitationa and public health? | Richard Harlan
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| Richard Harlan was one of the first to use ________ as disinfection? | Creosote
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| Who translated Gannels book into english> | Harlan
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| Harlan believed that embalming prevented the spread of | disease
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| In the modern period the embalming preservatives were now mostly | poisonous (arsenic, metalliac)
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| The published the accurate discription of HCHO? | Butler
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| Who prepared HCHO? | Hofmann
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| The civil war was was largely responsible for the development of ___________ in North America | Embalming
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| Who was the "father of modern embalming" | Homes
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| When the war broke out this man moved to washington and embalmed up to 4,028 officers and | soldiers
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| Who had strict instructions not to be embalmed | Holmes
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| What we some factors that affected modern day embalming? | Chemicals used to harsh on both the body and the operator
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| Embalmers skill was not as good as it could have been. finished product didnt always look good
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| Perservation by ice was still the main method.
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