7th gr ch 3 & 4 vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| discrimination | unfair treatment based on prejudice against a certain group
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| segregation: | the social separation of the races
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| civil rights: | the rights of full citizenship and equality under the law
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| affirmative action: | programs intended to make up for past discrimination by helping minority groups and women gain access to jobs and opportunities
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| racial profiling: | singling out an individual as a suspect due to appearance of ethnicity
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| Libel and slander: | written and spoken untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation
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| Search warrant: | a court order allowing law enforcement officers to search a suspect's home or business and take specific items of evidence
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| Double jeopardy: | putting someone on trial for a crime of which he or she was previously acquitted
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| Bill of Rights: | the first 10 amendments to the Constitution
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| Implied and expressed powers: | powers that Congress has that are not stated explicitly and implicitly in the Constitution
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| censorship: | the banning of printed materials or films due to alarming or offensive ideas
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| civil liberties: | freedoms to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair legal treatment
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| petition: | a formal request for government action
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| slander: | spoken untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation
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| libel: | written untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation
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| federalism | a form of government in which power is divided between federalist or national government and the states
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| ratify | to vote approval of
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| Three fifths compromise | counts slaves as 3/5 of a person
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| anti federalist | opposed to federalism
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| description of delegates at constitutional convention | educated, professionals, politically experienced
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| constitutional convention | to revise articles of confederation
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| year of convention | 1787
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| popular sovereignty | power resides with the people
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| justices of supreme court | have the final say on the constitution; final interpretation of the constitution
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| electoral college | a group of people who would be needed by each state legislative to select the president and the vice president
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| great compromise | established three brances of government, with a basis of representation (house and senate)
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| House of Representatives | based on population
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| senate | equal; 2 senators per state
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| How many amendments are in the Bill of Rights? | 10
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| Internet communication, a painting, or an article of clothing can all be examples of __________. | freedom of speech
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| A crime in which a person spreads spoken lies is called __________. | slander
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| The right to a jury trial in a criminal case is found in the __________ Amendment. | sixth
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| Protection from being forced to testify against oneself is stated in the __________ Amendment. | fifth
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| People who feel that the death penalty should be eliminated because it is "cruel and unusual punishment" are referring to the __________ Amendment. | eighth
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| The phrase "Civil War amendments" refers to the __________ Amendments. | thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth
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| The __________ Amendment prohibits slavery in the United States. | 13th
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| The Nineteenth Amendment __________. | extending voting rights to women
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| President __________ ordered an end to segregation in the nation's armed forces. | harry truman
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| constitutional convention | meeting of state delegates in 1787 leading to adoption of new Constitution
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| legislative branch | the lawmaking branch of government
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| executive branch | the branch of government that carries out the laws
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| judicial branch | the branch of government that interprets laws
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| great compromise | agreement providing a dual system of congressional representation
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| three fifths compromise | agreement providing that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths of other persons in determining representation in Congress
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| supporters of the constitution | supporters of the Constitution
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| preamble | the opening section of the Constitution
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| amendment | any change in the Constitution
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| bill of rights | the first 10 amendments to the Constitution
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| income tax | a tax on people's earnings
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| rule of law | principle that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern
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| checks and balances | a system in which each branch of government is able to check, or restrain, the power of the others
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| separation of powers | the split of authority among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches
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| expressed powers | powers that Congress has that are specifically listed in the Constitution
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| reserved powers | powers that the Constitution does not give to the national government that are kept by the states
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| concurrent powers | powers shared by the state and federal governments
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| The Virginia Plan called for a government with __________ branch(es). | three
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| The Great Compromise was proposed by __________. | roger sherman
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| Those who supported ratifying the new Constitution were called __________. | federalists
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| Which part of the Constitution explains the purposes of the government? | preamble
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| Article I describes the __________ branch. | legislative
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| To amend the Constitution, a proposal must be made by __________ of the members of Congress | 2/3
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| The principle that the power to rule comes from the people is known as __________. | popular sovereignty
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| examples of the principle of checks and balances __________. | Congress passing a bill the president vetoing a bill Congress impeaching a president
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| not an example of checks and balances | the Supreme Court declaring a law unconstitutional
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| Powers specifically granted only to the national (federal) government are called __________. | expressed powers
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| who was the main leader of the Civil Rights movement in the 1950s | Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
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| how many justices are there on the Supreme Court | nine
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| who has the power to declare war | congress
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| which article describes the legislative branch | 1
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| which article describes the executive brance | 2
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| which article describes the judicial branch | 3
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| allows congress to make any laws the constitution does not specifically forbid | necessary and proper clause
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| In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been | 6
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| A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. | 2
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| Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redre | 1
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| No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in wartime or public danger | 5
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| Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. | 8
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| no person subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself | 5
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