Anatomy of the upper limb nerves
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| Brachial plexus | Path: passes lat and ant over 1st rib into the axilla
Parts of the plexus: Roots>Trunks>Divisions>Cords>Branches
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| Roots of the brachial | Anterior rami of C5-8 and most of T1
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| Trunks of the brachial plexus | Superior: C5-6
Middle: C7
Inferior: C8 and T1
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| Divisions of the brachial plexus | Anterior and posterior division of each of the 3 trunks.
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| Cords of the brachial plexus | Lateral cord: union of ant divisions of the superior and middle trunk (C5-7)
Medial cord: from anterior division of the inferior trunk (C8-T1)
Posterior cord: union of all 3 posterior divisions (C5-T1)
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| Dorsal scapular nerve | Origin: C5
Innervates: Rhomboid major and minor
Action: Retract and elevates the scapula
Test: Pt places hand in small of back and then lifts hand away. Palpate for rhomboid activity.
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| Long thoracic nerve | Origin: C5-7
Innervates: Seratus anterior
Action:Protraction and upward rotation of scapula
Test: Pt performs a modified push up against the wall
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| Suprascapular | Origin: C5-6 (Superior trunk)
Innervates: Supraspinatus and infraspinatus
Action:Abducts and laterallr rotates shoulder
Test: ???????Empty can test???cross adduction test
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| Subclavius nerve | Origin: C5-6 (Superior trunk)
Innervates:Subclavius
Action: Depressess clavical/ elevates 1st rib
Test:
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| Lateral pectoral nerve | Origin: C5-7 (lateral cord)
Innervates: Pec major
Action: Add, med rotates and flexes shoulder, protracts scapula
Test:
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| Musculocutaneous nerve | Origin: C8 T1 (Lateral cord)
Innervates: Coracobrachialis, Biceps brachii, and Brachialis plus the skin on lateral forearm
Action:Elbow flexion
Test:resisted elbow flexion and cutaneous sensation
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| Medial pectoral nerve | Origin: C8 T1 (medial cord)
Innervates: Pec major and minor
Action:add, med rotates and flexes shoulder, protracts and depresses scapula, evlevation of ribs 3-5.
Test:
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| Medial cutaneous nerve of the arm | Origin: C8 T1
Innervates: medial distal arm
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| Medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm | Origin: C8-T1 (medial cord)
Innervates: Skin on medial forearm
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| Median nerve | Origin: C5-6 T1 ( medial and lateral cord)
Innervates:
Motor-Muscles of ant forearm (except flexor carpi ulnaris), thenar muscles of the thumb an lateral lumbricals
Sesory- lateral hand
Action:
Test:
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| Ulnar nerve | Origin: C7-8 T1
Innervates:
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