Lab quiz 2-Large Intestines, Fat digestion, & Gi hormones
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| What is the size of the large intestine | 5 feet and 2.5 inches in diameter
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| define haustrations | segmental contractions
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| define gastrocolic reflex | mass movements triggered by filling of the stomach
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| How is access to the large intestine controlled | ileocecal valve
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| what casues relaxation of the ileocecal valve | distention of the terminal ileum
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| How long does passage through the colon take | 16-24 hours
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| When are lipids absorbed | not until the lower part of the ileum
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| What types of fats are found in the diet | triglycerides (90-95%) cholesterol and lecithins
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| How are triglycerides broken down | by pancreatic lipase, and alpha-esterase which hydrolyzes ester bond leaving FFA and 2-monoglyceride
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| How are cholesterols digested | the ester is hydrolyzed by pancreatic cholesterolester hydrolase
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| How are lecithins digested | lingual lipase
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| What is the role of bile in fat digestion | bile salts with lecithins and FFA promote emulsification of fat into very small droplets--> increase surface area--> lipase bound on droplet surface to displace from oil-H2O interphase
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| How are micelles loaded | by colipase
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| where are conjugated bile acids absorbed | terminal ileum
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| where are unconjugated bile acids absorbed | throughout the SI
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| How are fat soluble vitamins absorbed | by micelles in the chylomicron pathway
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| what causes white stools (steatorrhea) | missing bile enzymes
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| Why did the pH decrease in tubes 2,3 | triglycerides were digested to produce FFAs...acids!
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| Why was there no change in pH in tube 1 | bc there was no lipase which is needed for fat digestion
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| How can the number of unsaturations be determined | using iodine as a reagent
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| What is the iodine number | the amount of iodine reacting with the double bonds
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| Which have higher iodine numbers animal or vegetable fats | vegetable
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| what is the exception to the rule concerning iodine number and vegetable oils | coconut oil
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| What are the 3 FAs most commonly present in triglycerides and are saturated | stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid
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| What lipid is primarily used for metabolism | triglycerides
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| What is a chylomicron | triclycerides + apoprotein B made inside cells in SI and passed to lacteal
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| What is the primary fxn of the liver in lipid metab | to make triglycerides and lipoproteins
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| What is the stimulus for mass movements in the colon | gastrocolic and duodenocolic reflexes and gastrin
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